Nokea
A nurse is reviewing the medical records of several children in an outpatient clinic. The nurse should identify that which of the following infections is included on the list of nationally notifiable conditions?
- A. Scarlet fever
- B. Rotavirus
- C. Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease)
- D. Pertussis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pertussis is nationally notifiable for public health surveillance. Scarlet fever, rotavirus, and fifth disease are not typically required to be reported.
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A nurse is caring for a preschooler who has diabetes mellitus and is pale, diaphoretic, and irritable. The child's blood glucose level is 52 mg/dL. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Give 1 tsp of peanut butter to the child.
- B. Recheck the child's blood glucose level.
- C. Administer 1 tbsp of sugar to the child.
- D. Document the incident in the child's record.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering sugar treats hypoglycemia quickly in a conscious child. Peanut butter is slow-acting, rechecking delays treatment, and documentation follows intervention.
A nurse in a pediatric unit is assisting with providing care for multiple children. Which of the following physical findings and parental reports should cause the nurse to suspect child maltreatment?
- A. A toddler has a spiral fracture, and the parent reports a fall from a swing.
- B. A preschooler has bruises on the shins, and the parent reports a collision with furniture.
- C. An adolescent has a head injury, and the parent reports a fall from a bike.
- D. A school-age child has a black eye, and the parent reports a fight with a classmate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spiral fractures in toddlers are concerning for abuse, as they often result from twisting forces not typical in a fall from a swing. Bruises on shins, head injuries from biking, and a black eye from a fight are more consistent with common childhood injuries.
A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching with an adolescent client who is scheduled for a surgical repair of scoliosis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates effectiveness of the teaching?
- A. I will not be able to walk before I go home.
- B. I will begin range-of-motion exercises on the first postoperative day.
- C. I will be discharged in 3 days.
- D. I will be fitted for my brace the day of discharge.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Starting range-of-motion exercises on the first postoperative day shows understanding of early mobilization. Misconceptions about walking, discharge timing, or brace fitting do not reflect accurate teaching.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about injury prevention with the parents of a toddler. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Install window guards on windows.
- B. Place scatter rugs over hardwood floors.
- C. Keep doors locked.
- D. Supervise at playgrounds.
- E. Turn pot handles toward the front of the stove.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Window guards prevent falls, locked doors limit access to hazards, and supervision at playgrounds ensures safety. Scatter rugs increase tripping risks, and pot handles should face inward to prevent burns.
A nurse is collecting data from a 7-year-old child. Which of the following findings indicates a developmental delay?
- A. Unable to verbalize the date
- B. Unable to count backwards from 20 to 1
- C. Unable to make change out of a quarter
- D. Unable to tell the difference between right and left
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Difficulty distinguishing right from left by age 7 suggests a developmental delay, as this milestone is typically achieved earlier. Other options reflect advanced skills not expected at this age.