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A nurse is talking with a client who is beginning a program of moderate exercise. When the nurse reminds the client of the importance of doing warm-up exercises, the client asks why. Which of the following reasons should the nurse give?
- A. Stabilizes body temperature
- B. Enhances relaxation
- C. Reduces the risk of injury
- D. Readjusts to baseline function
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reduces the risk of injury. Warm-up exercises help increase blood flow to muscles, making them more flexible and responsive. This reduces the risk of muscle strains and injuries during exercise. Choice A is incorrect because while warm-up exercises may help regulate body temperature during exercise, that is not the primary reason for warm-ups. Choice B is incorrect as the primary purpose of warm-up exercises is not necessarily to enhance relaxation. Choice D is incorrect as warm-up exercises do not specifically readjust to baseline function; they prepare the body for exercise.
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A nurse is assisting a client in planning an exercise routine. Which of the following activities should the nurse encourage the client to avoid due to age-related changes?
- A. Stretching
- B. Running
- C. Resistance training
- D. Aerobic exercises
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Running. Age-related changes such as decreased bone density and joint stiffness can make running high-impact and potentially harmful. Stretching (A) is important for flexibility, resistance training (C) helps maintain muscle mass, and aerobic exercises (D) improve cardiovascular health. Running may exacerbate joint issues.
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who is about to have elective surgery. The client tells the nurse she feels anxious. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. You have nothing to worry about.
- B. Others who have had this procedure have had great results.
- C. Tell me more about your concerns.
- D. Why are you feeling so anxious?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: "Tell me more about your concerns." This is the best response because it shows active listening and empathy towards the client's feelings. By encouraging the client to express their concerns, the nurse can address specific fears or worries, providing reassurance and support tailored to the individual's needs. This open-ended question allows the client to share their feelings, leading to better communication and trust between the nurse and client.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: "You have nothing to worry about." is dismissive and does not acknowledge the client's feelings.
B: "Others who have had this procedure have had great results." may minimize the client's anxiety and not address their specific concerns.
D: "Why are you feeling so anxious?" is a closed-ended question that may put the client on the spot and not facilitate open communication.
A nurse is assisting with the preparation of a presentation at a community center about complementary and alternative therapies. Which of the following therapies should the nurse describe as the use of an electronic monitoring device to help clients learn to control physical responses?
- A. Reiki
- B. Biofeedback
- C. Acupuncture
- D. Yoga
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Biofeedback uses electronic monitoring to help individuals gain control over physiological functions such as heart rate and muscle tension.
A nurse is caring for a client who is to undergo surgery the next day. The client tells the nurse, 'I'm afraid of what's going to happen.' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Assure the client that the surgery is safe and complications are rare.
- B. Encourage the client to discuss her fears further.
- C. Inform the client that she has an excellent provider and has nothing to worry about.
- D. Explain to the client that anxiety can prolong hospitalization.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the client to talk about their fears provides emotional support and can reduce anxiety.
A nurse identifies an extravasation of a vesicant solution at a client's peripheral IV catheter's insertion site. Identify the sequence in which the nurse should perform the following actions.
- A. Aspirate the solution from the catheter.
- B. Stop the infusion.
- C. Disconnect the tubing from the catheter.
- D. Remove the IV catheter.
- E. Attach a syringe to the catheter.
Correct Answer: B,E,A,C,D
Rationale: The correct sequence is B, E, A, C, D. First, stopping the infusion prevents further harm. Then, attaching a syringe helps to aspirate the vesicant solution. Aspirating the solution reduces tissue damage. Disconnecting the tubing prevents further exposure. Lastly, removing the IV catheter minimizes harm and promotes healing. Incorrect choices: A is incorrect as the solution should be aspirated after stopping the infusion. C is incorrect as disconnecting the tubing should come after aspirating the solution. D is incorrect as removing the IV catheter is the final step after all the previous actions have been completed.