Nokea
A nurse is teaching a client about complete and incomplete proteins. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the teaching as an incomplete protein?
- A. 4 oz chickpeas
- B. 2 poached eggs
- C. 2 oz cheddar cheese
- D. 4 oz salmon fillet
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 4 oz chickpeas. Chickpeas are considered an incomplete protein because they lack one or more essential amino acids required by the body. Incomplete proteins do not provide all essential amino acids in sufficient quantities. Choice B, 2 poached eggs, is a complete protein source because eggs contain all essential amino acids. Choice C, 2 oz cheddar cheese, is also a complete protein as it contains all essential amino acids. Choice D, 4 oz salmon fillet, is another complete protein source as fish typically provide all essential amino acids needed by the body.
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A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following foods or beverages should the nurse recommend to minimize heartburn?
- A. Orange juice
- B. Decaffeinated coffee
- C. Peppermint
- D. Potatoes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Potatoes are bland and less likely to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, making them a suitable choice to minimize heartburn in clients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Orange juice and peppermint are acidic and can exacerbate GERD symptoms, while coffee, even decaffeinated, can stimulate acid production and worsen heartburn.
A healthcare professional is reviewing the lab findings of a client who has Clostridium Difficile. Which of the following findings should indicate to the healthcare professional that the client is experiencing Fluid Volume Deficit?
- A. Hct 53%
- B. Potassium 3.5
- C. Sodium 145
- D. HbA1c 5
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An elevated hematocrit level (Hct 53%) indicates hemoconcentration, a sign of fluid volume deficit. Hct measures the percentage of red blood cells in the blood and increases when there is a decrease in plasma volume, as seen in fluid volume deficit. Choices B, C, and D do not directly relate to fluid volume status. Potassium and sodium levels are more indicative of electrolyte imbalances, while HbA1c reflects average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months and is not specific to fluid volume status.
A client receiving continuous enteral tube feeding reports cramping and abdominal distention. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Check for gastric residual.
- B. Apply low intermittent suction.
- C. Increase the rate of the feeding.
- D. Request a higher-fat formula.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a client on continuous enteral tube feeding experiences cramping and abdominal distention, the nurse should check for gastric residual. This assessment helps determine if the client is tolerating the feeding well or if there is a potential issue such as feeding intolerance. Applying low intermittent suction, increasing the feeding rate, or requesting a higher-fat formula are not appropriate actions for addressing the reported symptoms and may exacerbate the client's discomfort or lead to further complications.
A nurse is preparing to teach a group of clients about vitamins and minerals. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following minerals is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses?
- A. Phosphorus
- B. Calcium
- C. Chloride
- D. Zinc
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Corrected Question: A nurse is preparing to teach a group of clients about vitamins and minerals. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following minerals is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses?
Correct Answer: Calcium
Rationale: Calcium is crucial for nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and blood clotting. It plays a vital role in the proper functioning of the nervous system. Phosphorus is important for bone health and energy metabolism, not nerve impulse transmission. Chloride is an electrolyte important for fluid balance but not directly involved in nerve impulse transmission. Zinc is essential for immune function and wound healing but not specifically required for nerve impulse transmission.
A healthcare professional is reviewing the lab results of a client who has bulimia nervosa. The professional should notify the provider of which of the following results?
- A. White Blood Cells 5,200/mm³
- B. Hemoglobin 14 g/dL
- C. Magnesium 1.6 mg/dL
- D. Potassium 3.2 mEq/L
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L is below normal and requires provider notification, especially in clients with bulimia nervosa who are at risk of electrolyte imbalances. Low potassium levels can lead to serious complications like cardiac arrhythmias. The other options are within or close to the normal range and would not be a priority for notification.