Nokea
A nurse is teaching a client about preventing Otitis Externa. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Clean the ear with a cotton-tipped swab daily
- B. Place earplugs in the ears when sleeping at night.
- C. Use a cool water irrigation solution to remove earwax.
- D. Tip the head to the side to remove water from the ears after showering
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tipping the head removes water, preventing moisture that promotes otitis externa.
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While receiving treatment for kidney stones, a man complains of swelling and pain in his big toe and is found to have hyperuricemia
- A. Clomiphene
- B. Hydrochlorothiazide
- C. Furosemide
- D. Mifepristone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thiazides like hydrochlorothiazide reduce uric acid excretion, causing hyperuricemia and gout.
Which of the following drug has the ability to produce hypogliceic effect via closure of ATP-sensitive channels
- A. Glipizide
- B. Metformin
- C. Acarbose
- D. Pramlintide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glipizide, a sulfonylurea, closes ATP-sensitive K+ channels, stimulating insulin release.
Anticholinesterase inhibitors are used to treat:
- A. Peptic ulcer disease
- B. Myasthenia gravis
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anticholinesterases (e.g., pyridostigmine) treat myasthenia gravis by increasing acetylcholine.
Antiemitic used to prevent aspiration in emergency surgery
- A. Ondansetrone
- B. Promethazine
- C. Metoclopromide
- D. Ranitidine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Promethazine (antihistamine) prevents aspiration with sedative effects.
Which of the following routes have the highest bioavailability?
- A. Oral
- B. IM
- C. IV
- D. SC
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intravenous (IV) administration delivers the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring 100% bioavailability, unlike oral (first-pass effect) or IM/SC (slower absorption).