Nokea
A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed nitrate therapy about adverse reactions. When discussing headaches associated with nitrates, which of the following would the nurse include? Select all that apply.
- A. Headaches should decrease with continued therapy.
- B. Headaches may be relieved with the use of aspirin or acetaminophen.
- C. Headaches should be avoided by altering the dosage schedule.
- D. Headaches are a serious adverse reaction and should be reported immediately.
- E. Headaches may be a marker of the drug's effectiveness.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Headaches are a common adverse reaction of nitrates but should decrease with continued therapy. Headaches should be reported if they become severe or persist. Headaches may be a marker of the nitrate's effectiveness, and clients should not alter the dosing schedule to avoid headaches. Headaches may be treated with acetaminophen or aspirin.
You may also like to solve these questions
A client is receiving treatment for angina with a vasodilator. The nurse instructs the client to notify his primary health care provider about which of the following?
- A. Weight loss of 2 lb in a week
- B. Swelling of the extremities
- C. Episodes of dyspnea
- D. Heart rate increased by about 10 bpm
- E. Fainting
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: The primary health care provider should be notified if the client experiences a heart rate of 20 bpm or more above the normal rate, rapid weight gain of 5 lb or more; unusual swelling of the extremities, face, or abdomen, dyspnea; angina; severe indigestion; or fainting.
When caring for a client with angina, the nurse instructs the client to place the nitroglycerin tablet between the cheek and the gums. Which form of nitroglycerin is the nurse administering?
- A. Sublingual
- B. Transdermal
- C. Buccal
- D. Translingual
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is referring to the buccal route of administration. When administering buccal nitroglycerin, the nurse should instruct the client to place the tablet between the cheek and gums or the lips and gums above the incisors. The nurse should instruct the client to allow the tablet to dissolve and not to chew the tablet. Nitrates can also be given by the sublingual, transdermal, and translingual routes mentioned.
A nurse reviews a clients medication history for drugs that might interact with the client's prescribed nitrate therapy. Which of the following if administered with nitrates would the nurse identify as causing severe hypotension and possible cardiovascular collapse? Select all that apply.
- A. Alcohol
- B. Beta-2 agonists
- C. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
- D. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- E. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Alcohol and phosphodiesterase inhibitors when administered with nitrates can cause severe hypotension and possible cardiovascular collapse.
A nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerin intravenously. Which of the following would be important for the nurse to keep in mind? Select all that apply.
- A. Using glass bottles
- B. Using non-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) infusion sets
- C. Administering the drug as an IV bolus
- D. Diluting the drug with normal saline
- E. Using a gravity flow rate of infusion
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: When administering IV nitroglycerin, the nurse should dilute it with normal saline or 5% dextrose in water, administer the drug by continuous infusion using an infusion pump for accuracy, and use glass IV bottles and non-PVC infusion sets. The dose is regulated based on client response.
When a nurse is obtaining a history from a client regarding anginal pain, which of the following should be included? Select all that apply.
- A. Duration of the pain
- B. Events that relieve anginal pain
- C. Events that trigger anginal pain
- D. Description of the pain
- E. Whether the pain radiates
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: A client history regarding anginal pain should include a description of the pain, whether the pain radiates and to where it radiates, what events appear to trigger the pain, and what events appear to relieve the pain.