Nokea
A nurse is teaching a lesson on fetal development to a class of high school students and explains the primary germ layers. What are the germ layers? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Ectoderm
- B. Endoderm
- C. Mesoderm
- D. Plastoderm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The zygote transforms its embryonic disc into three layers: the ectoderm, the mesoderm, and the endoderm. These layers are responsible for the development of various tissues and organs in the body. Plastoderm and Blastoderm are not part of the primary germ layers.
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What change occurs at the same time as quickening?
- A. Fetal heart begins to beat
- B. Lanugo covers the body
- C. Kidneys secrete urine
- D. Fingernails begin to form
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Quickening typically coincides with the onset of fetal kidney function and urine secretion.
A woman in labor has a history of previous cesarean section. What is the most important factor to monitor for during this labor?
- A. Uterine rupture
- B. Maternal hypotension
- C. Fetal malpresentation
- D. Prolonged labor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Uterine rupture. The most important factor to monitor in a woman with a history of previous cesarean section is the risk of uterine rupture during labor. Uterine rupture is a serious complication that can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage for both the mother and the baby. Monitoring for signs such as sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, abnormal fetal heart rate patterns, and cessation of contractions is crucial. Maternal hypotension (Choice B) is important but not as critical as uterine rupture. Fetal malpresentation (Choice C) and prolonged labor (Choice D) are important factors to monitor but do not pose the same level of immediate risk as uterine rupture in this situation.
The results of a contraction stress test (CST) are positive. Which intervention is necessary based on this test result?
- A. Repeat the test in 1 week so that results can be trended based on this baseline result.
- B. Contact the health care provider to discuss birth options for the patient.
- C. Send the patient out for a meal and repeat the test to confirm that the results are valid.
- D. Ask the patient to perform a fetal kick count assessment for the next 30 minutes and then reassess the patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A positive CST is an abnormal finding that may indicate fetal compromise, requiring immediate discussion of birth options.
A nurse is educating a pregnant patient about preeclampsia. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. I should report sudden swelling in my hands, face, or feet.
- B. I should monitor my blood pressure and avoid excessive salt in my diet.
- C. I should expect occasional headaches and dizziness as normal symptoms of pregnancy.
- D. I should contact my healthcare provider if I experience sudden vision changes or severe headaches.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is incorrect because headaches and dizziness are not considered normal symptoms of pregnancy, especially when accompanied by other signs of preeclampsia. Preeclampsia can cause headaches and dizziness due to high blood pressure. Choices A, B, and D are correct as they highlight important signs and symptoms of preeclampsia that the patient should report to their healthcare provider promptly.
A pregnant patient is at 30 weeks gestation and is concerned about gestational diabetes. Which of the following is a key sign that the nurse should monitor for?
- A. Frequent urination and excessive thirst
- B. Nausea and vomiting after meals
- C. Increased appetite and weight gain
- D. Fatigue and dizziness during physical activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Frequent urination and excessive thirst. In gestational diabetes, the body may not be able to produce enough insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. The excess sugar in the blood can cause increased thirst and frequent urination as the body tries to eliminate the sugar through urine. This is a key sign that the nurse should monitor for in a pregnant patient at 30 weeks gestation. Nausea and vomiting after meals (B) are more commonly associated with morning sickness in early pregnancy. Increased appetite and weight gain (C) can occur during pregnancy but are not specific signs of gestational diabetes. Fatigue and dizziness during physical activity (D) can be common in pregnancy due to hormonal changes and increased demands on the body but are not specific to gestational diabetes.