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A nurse is teaching a patient about managing chronic pain. Which of the following strategies should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Increasing activity to improve function.
- B. Using medications only when absolutely necessary.
- C. Implementing physical therapy and exercises.
- D. Using complementary therapies such as meditation and relaxation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Implementing physical therapy and exercises. This is crucial for managing chronic pain as it helps improve strength, flexibility, and overall function. Physical therapy can also address underlying issues contributing to pain. Choice A could worsen pain if not done appropriately. Choice B may be necessary but should not be the sole approach. Choice D can be beneficial but may not address the root cause of pain like physical therapy does.
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A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes who is experiencing diabetic neuropathy. The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
- A. Encouraging regular foot inspections.
- B. Providing additional protein to the diet.
- C. Encouraging weight loss to reduce joint stress.
- D. Administering pain medication for relief.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encouraging regular foot inspections. This is the priority intervention because diabetic neuropathy can lead to decreased sensation in the feet, increasing the risk of injury or infection. Regular foot inspections can help detect any issues early and prevent complications.
Incorrect choices:
B: Providing additional protein to the diet - While nutrition is important for overall health, providing additional protein does not directly address the specific issue of diabetic neuropathy.
C: Encouraging weight loss to reduce joint stress - Weight loss may be beneficial for overall health, but it is not the priority intervention for diabetic neuropathy.
D: Administering pain medication for relief - Pain management is important, but addressing the root cause through regular foot inspections is more essential in preventing further complications.
A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes about insulin administration. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates proper understanding?
- A. I will inject insulin into my arm to ensure faster absorption.
- B. I will rotate injection sites to avoid tissue damage.
- C. I should inject insulin only when my blood glucose is elevated.
- D. I should inject insulin into the same spot every time to ensure consistency.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: I will rotate injection sites to avoid tissue damage. This statement indicates proper understanding because rotating injection sites helps prevent tissue damage and ensures consistent absorption. Injecting into the same spot every time can lead to lipohypertrophy. Injecting insulin only when blood glucose is elevated is incorrect as insulin is needed regularly. Injecting into the arm for faster absorption is also incorrect, as it can lead to unpredictable absorption rates. Rotation of sites is crucial for optimal insulin absorption and to prevent complications.
The nurse has implemented several planned interventions to address the nursing diagnosis of acute pain. Which of the following would be the next appropriate action?
- A. Establishing priorities
- B. Identifying expected outcomes
- C. Evaluating the individual's condition and comparing actual outcomes with expected outcomes
- D. Interpreting data, identifying clusters of cues, and making inferences
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The next appropriate action is to evaluate the individual's condition and compare actual outcomes with expected outcomes (Choice C). This step is crucial in determining the effectiveness of the implemented interventions in addressing the nursing diagnosis of acute pain. By evaluating the individual's condition, the nurse can assess whether the interventions have been successful in alleviating the pain. Comparing actual outcomes with expected outcomes helps in identifying any discrepancies and adjusting the plan of care accordingly to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
Establishing priorities (Choice A) is important but would come before implementing interventions. Identifying expected outcomes (Choice B) is necessary before implementing interventions but does not directly address the need for evaluation. Interpreting data and making inferences (Choice D) is part of the assessment phase and not the next appropriate action after implementing interventions.
A patient is diagnosed with anemia. The nurse is educating the patient about dietary sources of iron. Which of the following foods is the best source of iron?
- A. Eggs.
- B. Spinach.
- C. Chicken liver.
- D. Oranges.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chicken liver. Chicken liver is the best source of heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron found in plant-based foods like spinach or oranges. Eggs do contain iron, but in smaller amounts compared to chicken liver. Oranges, on the other hand, are a source of vitamin C which can enhance iron absorption but do not contain significant amounts of iron themselves.
A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes. The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications?
- A. Hypoglycemia.
- B. Hyperkalemia.
- C. Hypotension.
- D. Hyperglycemia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hyperglycemia. In diabetes, hyperglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels are too high. This can lead to various complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state. Monitoring for hyperglycemia is crucial to prevent these serious complications.
A: Hypoglycemia is low blood sugar and can also occur in diabetes, but it is not the primary complication to monitor for in this case.
B: Hyperkalemia is high potassium levels and is not a common complication of diabetes unless there are other underlying issues.
C: Hypotension is low blood pressure, which can be a complication of diabetes but is not as directly related to glucose management as hyperglycemia.
In summary, monitoring for hyperglycemia is essential in diabetes care to prevent serious complications associated with high blood sugar levels.