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A nurse is teaching about clomiphene citrate to a client who is experiencing infertility. Which of the following adverse effect should the nurse include?
- A. Tinnitus
- B. Urinary Frequency
- C. Breast Tenderness
- D. Chills
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Breast Tenderness. Clomiphene citrate is a medication commonly used to induce ovulation in women experiencing infertility. Breast tenderness is a common adverse effect due to the hormonal changes caused by the medication. Tinnitus (A), urinary frequency (B), and chills (D) are not typically associated with clomiphene citrate use. Tinnitus is more commonly associated with ototoxic medications, urinary frequency may be seen with diuretics, and chills are usually a symptom of infections or fevers.
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In what stage does the corpus luteum form?
- A. Luteal phase
- B. Follicular phase
- C. Proliferative phase
- D. Shedding of endometrium phase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The corpus luteum forms during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. After ovulation, the ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone to prepare the uterus for potential pregnancy. If fertilization doesn't occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a drop in progesterone levels and the start of menstruation. The other choices, such as the follicular phase (B) where the follicles develop, proliferative phase (C) where the endometrium thickens, and shedding of endometrium phase (D) where menstruation occurs, do not involve the formation of the corpus luteum.
A patient has delivered twins. The first twin was stillborn, and the second is in the intensive care nursery, recovering quickly from respiratory distress. The patient is crying softly and says, "wish my baby could have lived." What is the most therapeutic response?
- A. "How soon do you plan to have another baby?"
- B. "Don't be sad. At least you have one healthy baby."
- C. "have a friend who lost a twin and she's doing just fine now."
- D. "am so sorry about your loss. Would you like to talk about it?"
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it shows empathy, acknowledges the patient's loss, and invites further discussion if the patient wishes to talk. It validates the patient's feelings and offers support. Choice A is inappropriate as it disregards the patient's current emotional state. Choice B diminishes the patient's grief and may come off as insensitive. Choice C redirects the focus to someone else's experience, which may not be helpful in addressing the patient's emotions.
The nurse is preparing a postpartum client for discharge. Which instruction is most important?
- A. Avoid breastfeeding if you feel tired.
- B. Report foul-smelling lochia to your doctor.
- C. Resume all physical activity immediately.
- D. Stop taking your prenatal vitamins after discharge.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report foul-smelling lochia to your doctor. This instruction is crucial because foul-smelling lochia can indicate an infection, which requires immediate medical attention to prevent complications. Reporting this to the doctor promptly ensures timely treatment.
A: Avoid breastfeeding if you feel tired - Incorrect. Breastfeeding is important for the baby's nutrition and bonding, regardless of the mother's fatigue.
C: Resume all physical activity immediately - Incorrect. Gradual resumption of physical activity is recommended to allow the body to heal properly.
D: Stop taking your prenatal vitamins after discharge - Incorrect. Prenatal vitamins are beneficial for postpartum recovery and breastfeeding, so stopping them abruptly is not advisable.
A client at 30 weeks' gestation is receiving corticosteroids. What is the primary purpose of this therapy?
- A. To prevent preterm labor.
- B. To enhance fetal lung maturity.
- C. To reduce maternal blood pressure.
- D. To lower blood glucose levels.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To enhance fetal lung maturity. Corticosteroids given to a client at 30 weeks' gestation help accelerate fetal lung maturation, reducing the risk of respiratory distress syndrome in the newborn. This therapy does not prevent preterm labor but rather prepares the baby's lungs for potential early delivery. It also does not directly impact maternal blood pressure or blood glucose levels. Therefore, the primary purpose of corticosteroid therapy in this scenario is to benefit the baby's lung development, making option B the correct choice.
Placental circulation is dependent on maternal circu- tions for preventing sudden infant death syndrome? lation. In which maternal circumstances is placental Select all that apply. circulation impeded? Select all that apply.
- A. Position newborns in the prone position to
- B. Hypotension
- C. Pre-eclampsia
- D. Avoid soft bedding or pillows in the newborn's
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. Hypotension in the mother can result in decreased blood flow to the placenta, affecting placental circulation and oxygen delivery to the fetus, increasing the risk of sudden infant death syndrome.
A: Positioning newborns in the prone position does not directly impede placental circulation.
C: Pre-eclampsia can affect placental circulation due to high blood pressure, but it is not the only maternal condition that can impede placental circulation.
D: Avoiding soft bedding or pillows in the newborn's crib is related to safe sleep practices but does not directly impede placental circulation.