Nokea
A nurse is teaching an obese child about portion control. Which strategy should be included?
- A. Eat only prepackaged meals.
- B. Use smaller plates.
- C. Skip breakfast daily.
- D. Drink soda with meals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smaller plates help control portion sizes visually. Prepackaged meals may be unhealthy, skipping breakfast can increase hunger, and soda adds empty calories.
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An adolescent tells the school nurse that she would like to use tampons during her period. The nurse should first:
- A. Assess her usual menstrual flow pattern.
- B. Determine whether she is sexually active.
- C. Provide information about preventing toxic shock syndrome.
- D. Refer her to a specialist in adolescent gynecology.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Educating about toxic shock syndrome is critical due to the risk associated with tampon use.
Which of the following initial physical findings indicate the development of carditis in a child with rheumatic fever?
- A. Heart murmur.
- B. Low blood pressure.
- C. Irregular pulse.
- D. Anterior chest wall pain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A heart murmur is a hallmark of carditis in rheumatic fever, indicating valvular involvement. Other findings may occur but are less specific.
The nurse is caring for a child in Bryant's traction (see figure). The nurse should:
- A. Adjust the weights on the legs until the buttocks rest on the bed.
- B. Provide frequent skin care.
- C. Place a pillow under the buttocks.
- D. Remove the elastic leg wraps every 8 hours for 10 minutes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent skin care is essential in Bryant's traction to prevent pressure ulcers due to prolonged immobility.
When developing the plan of care for a school-age child with a suspected diagnosis of appendicitis who is complaining of severe abdominal pain, which of the following measures should the nurse expect to include in the child's plan of care?
- A. Application of a heating pad.
- B. Insertion of a rectal tube.
- C. Application of an ice bag.
- D. Administration of an intravenous narcotic.
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Ice and narcotics relieve pain without risking perforation, unlike heat or rectal tubes.
When teaching the parents of a child with Salmonella gastroenteritis about preventing recurrence, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid sharing toys with other children.
- B. Cook poultry to an internal temperature of 165°F.
- C. Use hand sanitizers before meals.
- D. Limit fluid intake during meals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cooking poultry thoroughly prevents Salmonella contamination.