Nokea
A nurse is teaching parents of a child with PKU about dietary management. Which instruction is most important?
- A. Avoid all fruits and vegetables.
- B. Monitor phenylalanine levels regularly.
- C. Use high-protein supplements.
- D. Limit water intake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regular monitoring of phenylalanine levels ensures dietary compliance and prevents toxicity. Fruits and vegetables are allowed, high-protein foods are avoided, and water restriction is unnecessary.
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When teaching the parents of a child with Salmonella gastroenteritis about preventing recurrence, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid sharing toys with other children.
- B. Cook poultry to an internal temperature of 165°F.
- C. Use hand sanitizers before meals.
- D. Limit fluid intake during meals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cooking poultry thoroughly prevents Salmonella contamination.
An adolescent female is prescribed amoxicillin for an ear infection. The nurse should teach the adolescent about the risks associated with her concurrent use of:
- A. Antacids.
- B. Oral contraceptives.
- C. Multiple vitamins.
- D. Protein shakes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amoxicillin can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, increasing the risk of unintended pregnancy. The nurse should educate the adolescent about this interaction and suggest additional contraceptive measures during antibiotic therapy.
A parent asks, 'Can I get head lice too?' The nurse indicates that adults can also be infested with head lice but that pediculosis is more common among school children, primarily for which of the following reasons?
- A. An immunity to pediculosis usually is established by adulthood.
- B. School-age children tend to be more neglectful of frequent handwashing.
- C. Pediculosis usually is spread by close contact with infested children.
- D. The skin of adults is more capable of resisting the invasion of lice.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Close contact in school settings facilitates lice transmission among children.
When interviewing the parents of a 2-year-old child, a history of which of the following illnesses should lead the nurse to suspect pneumococcal meningitis?
- A. Bladder infection.
- B. Middle ear infection.
- C. Fractured clavicle.
- D. Septic arthritis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Middle ear infections are a common precursor to pneumococcal meningitis due to the spread of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
A nurse administers ranitidine (Zantac) instead of cetirizine (Zyrtec) to an 8-year-old with asthma. The client has suffered no adverse effects. The nurse tells the charge nurse of the incident but fears disciplinary action. The charge nurse should tell the nurse:
- A. If you do not report the error, I will have to.
- B. Reporting the error helps to identify system problems to improve client safety.
- C. Notify the client's physician to see if she wants this reported.
- D. This is not a serious mistake so reporting it will not affect your position.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reporting the error helps identify system problems to improve client safety, promoting a culture of transparency and quality improvement.