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A nurse is teaching the parent of a school-age child who has ADHD and a prescription for atomoxetine 40 mg daily. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Expect the child to gain weight while taking this medication
- B. Crush the medication and mix it with 120 mL (4 oz) of juice
- C. Therapeutic effects will occur within 24 hr of starting treatment
- D. Administer the medication before the child goes to school in the morning
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the medication before the child goes to school in the morning. Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant medication used to treat ADHD. Administering it in the morning allows for optimal absorption and effectiveness during the school day. This helps in improving the child's focus and attention span in a learning environment. Additionally, taking the medication in the morning helps in minimizing potential side effects such as insomnia. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because weight gain is not a common side effect of atomoxetine, crushing the medication can alter its effectiveness, and therapeutic effects usually take a few weeks to manifest, not within 24 hours.
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A nurse is caring for a school-aged child who has conduct disorder and is being physically aggressive toward other children in the unit. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Place the child in seclusion
- B. Use therapeutic hold technique
- C. Apply wrist restraints
- D. Administer risperidone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Place the child in seclusion. The first step in managing physically aggressive behavior in a child with conduct disorder is to ensure the safety of the child and others. Placing the child in seclusion helps prevent harm to others while allowing the child to calm down in a controlled environment. Using therapeutic hold technique (B) or applying wrist restraints (C) may escalate the situation and increase the risk of harm. Administering risperidone (D) is a medication intervention that should be considered only after addressing the immediate safety concerns.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has schizophrenia and is experiencing auditory hallucinations. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
- A. Encourage the client to listen to loud music
- B. Ask the client directly about the content of the hallucinations
- C. Instruct the client to ignore the voices
- D. Avoid discussing the hallucinations with the client
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ask the client directly about the content of the hallucinations. This intervention is important as it helps the nurse understand the nature and content of the hallucinations, allowing for better assessment and tailored intervention. By directly asking the client, the nurse can gather valuable information to provide appropriate care and support. Encouraging the client to listen to loud music (A) may exacerbate the hallucinations. Instructing the client to ignore the voices (C) may not be effective and could lead to increased distress. Avoiding discussing the hallucinations with the client (D) hinders the therapeutic communication and understanding of the client's experience.
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a client who has major depressive disorder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Discourage the client from expressing feelings of anger
- B. Identify and schedule alternative group activities for the client
- C. Encourage physical activity for the client during the day
- D. Keep a bright light on in the clients room at night
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Encourage physical activity for the client during the day. Physical activity has been shown to improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression by increasing endorphins. This intervention can help the client combat feelings of sadness and hopelessness.
A: Discouraging the client from expressing feelings of anger is not therapeutic and may further suppress emotions, worsening depression.
B: Identifying and scheduling alternative group activities can be helpful, but it may not directly address the physical aspect of depression.
D: Keeping a bright light on in the client's room at night may disrupt sleep patterns and is not a targeted intervention for major depressive disorder.
A nurse is caring for a client who has obsessive-compulsive disorder and engages in repeated handwashing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Encourage the client to stop washing hands
- B. Allow the client additional time to complete rituals
- C. Set strict time limits on compulsions
- D. Ignore the client’s compulsive behavior
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Allow the client additional time to complete rituals. This approach is known as a harm reduction strategy in managing obsessive-compulsive disorder. By allowing the client additional time to complete rituals, the nurse can help reduce the client's anxiety and provide a sense of control. Encouraging the client to stop washing hands (A) may increase anxiety and worsen symptoms. Setting strict time limits on compulsions (C) can also increase anxiety and lead to distress. Ignoring the client's compulsive behavior (D) can be harmful as it may reinforce the behavior. It is important for the nurse to be supportive and understanding of the client's struggles while working towards more effective coping strategies.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results on an adolescent who has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Blood glucose 100 mg/dL
- B. T4 11 mcg/dL
- C. Potassium 3.7 mEq/L
- D. Hgb 10 g/dL
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hgb 10 g/dL. In an adolescent with anorexia nervosa, low hemoglobin (Hgb) levels are expected due to malnutrition and inadequate intake of essential nutrients. Anorexia nervosa can lead to a deficiency in essential nutrients such as iron, which can result in anemia and low Hgb levels. This is a common finding in individuals with anorexia nervosa.
Blood glucose of 100 mg/dL (choice A) is within the normal range and not specific to anorexia nervosa. T4 of 11 mcg/dL (choice B) is also within the normal range and not typically affected by anorexia nervosa. Potassium of 3.7 mEq/L (choice C) is within the normal range and not a common finding in anorexia nervosa. Therefore, the correct answer is D as it is a common laboratory finding associated with anorexia nervosa.