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A nurse is teaching the parent of an adolescent who was recently diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). The parent asks,Is there a medication that can help my child? Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Medication is usually not prescribed to treat oppositional defiant disorder. Let's discuss some behavioral strategies you can use.
- B. There are many medications that will help your child manage aggression and destructiveness. The health care provider will discuss them with you.
- C. Medication is not used to treat this oppositional defiant disorder because it is behavioral in nature.
- D. It's a common misconception that there is a medication available to treat every health problem.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Medication is usually not prescribed to treat oppositional defiant disorder. Let's discuss some behavioral strategies you can use. ODD is primarily a behavioral disorder, not a chemical imbalance, so medication is not typically the first-line treatment. Behavioral strategies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, parent training, and family therapy are more effective in managing ODD symptoms. Other choices are incorrect because they either suggest medication as the primary treatment without acknowledging the behavioral aspect of ODD (B), state inaccuracies about medication use for ODD (C), or divert the conversation away from addressing the parent's concerns (D).
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A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with end-stage liver cancer. The nurse recognizes that which of the following responses is an indication that the client is in the denial phase of the grief process?
- A. I can't believe the doctor graduated from medical school. He doesn't know a thing about treating cancer!
- B. Even though I am not hurting right now, I don't feel like I have the energy to get out of bed.
- C. The doctor says I only have a few months to live, but I know he is exaggerating to get me to take my medication.
- D. The doctor has been so good to me. I know he has tried everything he can. It's just my time.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. In this response, the client is demonstrating denial by refusing to accept the doctor's prognosis of having only a few months to live. This indicates an inability to acknowledge the severity of the situation, a common characteristic of the denial phase in the grief process. The client's belief that the doctor is exaggerating shows a defense mechanism to cope with the overwhelming truth. Options A, B, and D do not exemplify denial. Option A shows anger, Option B indicates depression, and Option D reflects acceptance and resignation, which are not characteristics of denial in the grief process.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypothyroidism and has been prescribed levothyroxine. Which of the following medication instructions would the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Take this medication before a meal or several hours after a meal.
- B. Take this medication during your morning meal.
- C. Take this medication with a full glass of water or fruit juice.
- D. Take this medication with high-protein foods.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Levothyroxine is best absorbed on an empty stomach, so taking it before a meal or several hours after a meal ensures optimal absorption. Taking it with food or certain beverages can interfere with absorption. Choice B is incorrect as taking it during a meal may reduce absorption. Choice C is incorrect as water or fruit juice is recommended, not required in full glass quantity. Choice D is incorrect as high-protein foods can also interfere with absorption.
A nurse is caring for a newly admitted adolescent client. When asked to describe their social support system,the client responds My mom died last year, and I have been in foster care ever since. I don't have many friends. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Tell the client that being in foster care can help with coping.
- B. Explain how grief support groups could increase coping and social support.
- C. Encourage the client to ask the provider for medication.
- D. Suggest using the internet as a source for finding supportive friends.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The nurse should explain how grief support groups could increase coping and social support. Grief support groups provide a safe space for individuals to share their experiences, receive empathy, and learn coping strategies. This is particularly important for the adolescent client who has experienced significant loss and lacks a strong social support system. By participating in a grief support group, the client can connect with others who have had similar experiences, feel understood, and build new supportive relationships. This intervention addresses the client's need for social support and coping mechanisms.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A: Being in foster care may provide some support, but it does not address the client's specific need for coping with grief and building a social support system. C: Encouraging the client to ask for medication is not appropriate without first exploring non-pharmacological interventions. D: Suggesting the internet as a source for finding friends does not address the client's need for emotional support and may not
During a group therapy meeting,a client brings up a concern about the cleanliness of the bathroom. The nurse asks the group what should be done about the issue and how to resolve it. The nurse is demonstrating which type of leadership style?
- A. Laissez-faire
- B. Surrogate
- C. Autocratic
- D. Democratic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Democratic. In a democratic leadership style, the leader involves group members in decision-making. In this scenario, the nurse is asking the group for input and involving them in the process of resolving the issue, which aligns with the democratic approach. This empowers the group members to participate in finding a solution and promotes teamwork.
A: Laissez-faire is incorrect because in this style, the leader is hands-off and does not provide much guidance or direction.
B: Surrogate is incorrect as it refers to a substitute leader who takes over temporarily.
C: Autocratic is incorrect because in this style, the leader makes decisions without consulting the group.
Overall, the democratic leadership style is the most suitable for fostering collaboration and addressing group concerns effectively in this context.
A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Hyperextend the client's neck.
- B. Instruct the client to deep breathe every 4 hr.
- C. Place the head of the client's bed in the flat position.
- D. Check the client's voice every 2 hr.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are B and D. Instructing the client to deep breathe every 4 hours helps prevent respiratory complications post-thyroidectomy. Checking the client's voice every 2 hours is important to monitor for vocal cord damage, a potential complication. Choice A is incorrect as hyperextending the client's neck can put strain on the surgical site. Choice C is incorrect as the head of the bed should be elevated to reduce swelling and promote drainage.