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A nurse is teaching the parents of a child newly diagnosed with celiac disease. Which food should the nurse instruct them to avoid?
- A. Rice.
- B. Wheat.
- C. Corn.
- D. Potatoes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Celiac disease requires a gluten-free diet, avoiding wheat, barley, and rye. Rice, corn, and potatoes are gluten-free and safe.
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A nurse is teaching parents of a child with PKU about dietary management. Which instruction is most important?
- A. Avoid all fruits and vegetables.
- B. Monitor phenylalanine levels regularly.
- C. Use high-protein supplements.
- D. Limit water intake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regular monitoring of phenylalanine levels ensures dietary compliance and prevents toxicity. Fruits and vegetables are allowed, high-protein foods are avoided, and water restriction is unnecessary.
The health care team wishes to establish a policy regarding sleep positions for infants with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). The first step should be to search for:
- A. Policies from other hospitals.
- B. Data from retrospective studies.
- C. Published national standards.
- D. Expert opinions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: National standards provide evidence-based guidance for policy development.
A nurse identifies a medication error in a pediatric unit. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Administer the correct medication.
- B. Notify the prescribing physician.
- C. Complete an incident report.
- D. Inform the child's parents.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Completing an incident report ensures documentation and system improvement. Correcting the medication, notifying the physician, or informing parents follows after reporting.
When developing the plan of care for a toddler who has taken an acetaminophen overdose, which of the following should the nurse expect to include as part of the initial treatment?
- A. Frequent blood level determinations.
- B. Gastric lavage.
- C. Tracheostomy.
- D. Electrocardiogram.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequent blood level monitoring guides acetylcysteine therapy. Gastric lavage is less effective than charcoal, and tracheostomy or ECG are not typically needed unless complications arise.
What should the nurse include when developing the teaching plan for the parents of a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis who is being treated with naproxen (Naprosyn)?
- A. Anti-inflammatory effect will occur in approximately 8 weeks.
- B. Within 24 hours, the child will have antiinflammatory relief.
- C. The nurse should be called before giving the child any over-the-counter medications.
- D. If a dose is forgotten or missed, that dose is not made up.
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Parents should consult the nurse before giving other medications due to potential interactions, and missed doses should not be doubled to avoid toxicity.