Nokea
A nurse is using Piaget’s model to assess a child’s developmental stage. Which behaviors would determine that a child is successfully achieving the skills required of the formal operations level of development? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Becomes sad when the family pet dies.
- B. Plans a trip to attend a basketball game.
- C. Identifies two different bowls that hold 1 cup.
- D. Selects the appropriate clothing for a ski trip.
Correct Answer: B, D
Rationale: In Piaget's formal operations stage, children develop abstract thinking, planning abilities, and logical reasoning. Planning a trip and selecting appropriate clothing demonstrate these skills. Becoming sad over the pet's death and identifying objects by capacity are more related to emotional and concrete operational stages.
You may also like to solve these questions
When differentiating between bereavement symptoms and depression, the nurse will base the formulation on knowledge that in bereavement:
- A. Symptoms remit and exacerbate.
- B. Guilt feelings are overwhelming.
- C. Suicide thoughts are common.
- D. Psychomotor retardation is obvious.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in bereavement, symptoms of grief and sadness tend to come and go, known as remitting and exacerbating, as the individual processes the loss over time. This is a normal part of the grieving process. On the other hand, in depression, symptoms are persistent and may not improve without intervention. Guilt feelings being overwhelming (B) is common in both bereavement and depression. Suicide thoughts being common (C) can occur in severe depression but are not a distinguishing factor between bereavement and depression. Psychomotor retardation being obvious (D) is a symptom more commonly associated with severe depression rather than bereavement.
Which nursing intervention supports the principles on which the cross-links theory of aging is based?
- A. Applying an elastin-sustaining moisturizer to an adult patient’s skin
- B. Assessing a patient’s family history for genetic diseases and disorders
- C. Questioning a patient about long-term exposure to environmental toxins
- D. Assisting an adult patient in selecting foods high in vitamins A, C, and E
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because selecting foods high in vitamins A, C, and E supports the principles of the cross-links theory of aging, which focuses on the accumulation of damage from oxidative stress. Vitamins A, C, and E are antioxidants that help combat oxidative stress and reduce the formation of cross-links in tissues. This intervention can potentially slow down the aging process by reducing cellular damage.
Choice A is incorrect because applying an elastin-sustaining moisturizer does not directly address the oxidative stress aspect of the cross-links theory of aging.
Choice B is incorrect as assessing family history for genetic diseases does not specifically target the mechanisms involved in the cross-links theory of aging.
Choice C is incorrect because questioning about exposure to environmental toxins may be important for overall health but is not directly related to the principles of the cross-links theory of aging.
A patient is scheduled to attend an occupational therapy group to work on the identified goal of “recognizing and using more effective coping techniques.” What measure can the nurse use to continue to support the patient’s attainment of this goal after he returns to the unit?
- A. Praising him for positive behavioral changes
- B. Avoiding setting limits that would increase his anxiety level
- C. Isolating him from more seriously ill patients
- D. Recommending that he avoid group activities for a while
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Praising him for positive behavioral changes. This measure reinforces the patient's use of effective coping techniques, providing positive feedback and motivation. This positive reinforcement encourages the patient to continue utilizing these strategies.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Avoiding setting limits that would increase his anxiety level - This does not actively support the patient's goal of recognizing and using more effective coping techniques.
C: Isolating him from more seriously ill patients - Isolation does not promote the practice of coping techniques and may hinder the patient's social interaction and progress.
D: Recommending that he avoid group activities for a while - Avoiding group activities contradicts the goal of attending occupational therapy groups and working towards improved coping techniques.
The nurse is assessing a child with autism. Which of the following behaviors would the nurse expect to observe?
- A. Referring to their imaginary friend, Skipper
- B. Asking to telephone my friends on the weekends
- C. Repeating, milk, milk, milk, milk until given a drink.
- D. Is insistent that a dim light be left on in the bedroom at night
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Repeating, milk, milk, milk, milk until given a drink. This behavior is a characteristic of children with autism, known as echolalia. Echolalia is the repetition of words or phrases spoken by others, often used by individuals with autism to communicate or self-soothe. This behavior is a common feature of autism spectrum disorder and is indicative of language difficulties and communication challenges.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not specifically relate to behaviors typically observed in children with autism. Referring to an imaginary friend (A) is not exclusive to autism, asking to telephone friends on weekends (B) is a social behavior that can be seen in children without autism, and insisting on a dim light in the bedroom (D) is a preference that does not directly relate to the core characteristics of autism.
A young woman had just learned of the accidental death of her husband. She begins to cry
and states, Its not fair! How could he do this to me? This remark is assessed as:
- A. A plea for help
- B. An explosive episode
- C. An expression of anger
- D. Fear of making decisions alone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, an expression of anger. The woman's statement "It's not fair! How could he do this to me?" indicates feelings of anger and resentment towards her husband for leaving her unexpectedly. This response does not show a plea for help (A), as she is expressing her emotions rather than seeking assistance. It is also not an explosive episode (B) as there is no indication of sudden outbursts or intense emotional reactions. Similarly, it is not about fear of making decisions alone (D) as her statement focuses on her feelings of unfairness and betrayal. In summary, the woman's remark reflects her anger and sense of injustice following her husband's accidental death.