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A nurse is working with a person to increase his daily exercise and activity. Which of the following statements by the nurse best demonstrates the use of reflection?
- A. “I have also struggled with finding time to exercise on a regular basis.”
- B. “Regular exercise plays an important role in preventing many health problems.”
- C. “You said that you have difficulty making time in your day for exercise.”
- D. “It may be helpful if we developed a goal related to daily exercise.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reflection involves paraphrasing or summarizing the person's words to indicate interest and focus the discussion.
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A nurse is assessing a toddler during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings warrant further investigation?
- A. Bare spots on the scalp, and broken hair
- B. Overly concerned parents
- C. Burns with sharply demarcated edges
- D. Bruises anywhere on the body
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bare spots and broken hair, along with burns with sharply demarcated edges, are warning signs of possible child abuse.
Which of the following best describes the primary goal of community nurses?
- A. Create charts/graphs of data collected.
- B. Create plans for community health promotion programs.
- C. Create evaluation tools for health promotion programs.
- D. Create a culture of health promotion/health protection with the community.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The primary goal of community nurses is to create a culture of health promotion and protection within the community to improve health behaviors.
Which individual is at risk for a dysfunction in elimination pattern?
- A. 46-year-old mother of two
- B. 32-year-old African American man
- C. 72-year-old white woman
- D. 15-year-old girl
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Various life stages and cultural factors contribute to elimination dysfunction, such as constipation or incontinence.
The mother of a 13-year-old girl is concerned because her daughter has not started menstruating yet. Which statement would be the most appropriate response from the nurse?
- A. Usually, girls start menstruating when they develop breast buds; an endocrine evaluation might be warranted.
- B. Everyone is different; it will happen when it happens.
- C. Based on when the breast buds first appeared, she should start menstruating around the age of 14.
- D. She will not start menstruating until her breasts are of adult size and contour.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Menstruation typically starts about 2 years after breast buds, around age 14.
Which of the following individuals has a modifiable, nutrition-related risk factor for stroke?
- A. African American man, age 65, who has a low salt intake
- B. White woman, age 32, who follows the MyPlate recommendations
- C. Russian man, age 40, who drinks 3 oz of vodka daily
- D. Hispanic man, age 42, who exercises regularly
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Habitual alcohol intake is a modifiable risk factor for stroke.