Nokea
A nurse is working with a woman who has been diagnosed with severe fibrocystic breast disease. After describing the medications that can be used as treatment, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the client identifies which drug as being used?
- A. Danazol
- B. Penicillin
- C. Bromocriptine
- D. Tamoxifen
- G. B
Correct Answer: Penicillin, an antibiotic, has no role in treating fibrocystic breast disease, which involves hormonal changes. Danazol, bromocriptine, and tamoxifen are used to manage symptoms by altering hormone levels.
Rationale:
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A nurse is preparing a client for radiation treatment who is postoperative following a mastectomy. The nurse should inform the client to expect which of the following adverse effects from the treatment?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Anorexia
- C. Fatigue
- D. Alopecia
- G. C
Correct Answer: Fatigue is a common side effect of radiation due to damage to healthy cells. Diarrhea and anorexia are more associated with gastrointestinal or systemic treatments, and alopecia is typical with chemotherapy.
Rationale:
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has pelvic inflammatory disease as a consequence of a sexually transmitted infection and will need intravenous antibiotic therapy. The client tells the nurse, 'My parents think I am a virgin. I don't think I can tell them I have this kind of an infection.' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. You seem scared to talk to your parents.
- B. If you want me to, I can tell your parents for you.
- C. Your parents will have to be told why you are being admitted.
- D. Give your parents a chance; they'll understand.
- G. A
Correct Answer: Reflecting the client's fear shows empathy and encourages further discussion. Offering to tell parents or assuming parental understanding disregards autonomy and confidentiality.
Rationale:
A client who has come to the clinic is diagnosed with endometriosis. What would the nurse expect the primary care provider to prescribe as a first-line treatment?
- A. Antiestrogens
- B. Progestins
- C. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues
- D. NSAIDs
- G. B
Correct Answer: Progestins are first-line for endometriosis as they suppress endometrial tissue growth and reduce pain and bleeding. Antiestrogens and GnRH analogues are second-line due to severe side effects, and NSAIDs only provide symptomatic relief.
Rationale:
A nurse is preparing to administer hydrocortisone 100 mg IM daily to a client. Available as hydrocortisone 250 mg/2 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?(Round the answer to the nearest tenth number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- G. 0.8 mL
Correct Answer: Using the ratio 250 mg/2 mL = 100 mg/x mL, cross-multiply to get 250x = 200, so x = 0.8 mL. This is the correct dose, rounded to the nearest tenth.
Rationale:
A woman who has undergone a right-sided modified-radical mastectomy returns from surgery. Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care at this time?
- A. Encourage her to turn, cough, and deep breathe at frequent intervals.
- B. Ask the client how she feels about having her breast removed.
- C. Attach a sign above her bed to have BP, IV lines, and lab work on her right arm.
- D. Position her right arm below heart level.
- G. A
Correct Answer: Turning, coughing, and deep breathing prevent respiratory complications post-surgery. Asking about feelings is premature, using the right arm risks lymphedema, and elevating the arm aids drainage.
Rationale: