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A nurse manager has calculated that providing 75 hours of direct nursing care per day requires that 120 hours must actually be worked by nursing staff. The manager is involved in: (select all that apply)
- A. developing the capital budget.
- B. applying productivity metric.
- C. monitoring the labor budget.
- D. incremental budgeting processes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: applying productivity metric. The nurse manager is calculating the ratio of direct nursing care hours to total hours worked, which is a productivity metric. This metric helps assess the efficiency of the nursing staff in delivering care. Developing the capital budget (A) involves planning for long-term investments, not daily staffing calculations. Monitoring the labor budget (C) involves tracking expenses related to staff salaries and benefits, but not necessarily productivity metrics. Incremental budgeting processes (D) refer to budgeting based on past budgets with incremental changes, not specific productivity metrics. Therefore, the nurse manager is primarily involved in applying a productivity metric to assess nursing staff efficiency.
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The occupational health and safety nurse would like to develop programs designed to decrease mortality and morbidity among the workforce. When considering factors related to mortality among health care workers, the nurse should focus efforts on prevention of:
- A. suicide.
- B. violence related injury.
- C. bloodborne disease.
- D. ergonomic hazards.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: bloodborne disease. Health care workers are at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens such as HIV and hepatitis B and C. Prevention strategies include proper use of personal protective equipment and adherence to infection control protocols. Bloodborne diseases can have serious consequences on the health and well-being of healthcare workers, leading to mortality and morbidity if not properly prevented.
Explanation for incorrect choices:
A: Suicide - While mental health is an important concern, it is not specifically related to mortality among healthcare workers.
B: Violence related injury - While workplace violence is a concern, it may not be the leading cause of mortality among healthcare workers.
D: Ergonomic hazards - While important for preventing injuries, it may not directly relate to mortality among healthcare workers compared to bloodborne diseases.
Although the media portrayed nursing in a negative light in M*A*S*H through the character of a promiscuous, uncaring nurse, it also provided Americans with a promising glimpse of:
- A. nurses who can be promiscuous and still help doctors.
- B. the fact that caring is not as important as the desire to serve one's country.
- C. the ability of nurses to cope with the dreadfulness of war by using humor.
- D. the contributions of male military nurses.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the media in M*A*S*H showed how nurses coped with the horrors of war through humor, highlighting their resilience and adaptability. This is a positive portrayal of nurses as capable and strong individuals. Choices A and B are incorrect as they misrepresent the values and professionalism of nurses. Choice A promotes negative stereotypes, while choice B undermines the importance of compassion in nursing. Choice D is incorrect as the show primarily focused on female nurses, not male nurses.
A novice nurse is in the "rejection phase" of stress and wonders if she made the right decision when deciding nursing was her chosen career. Which strategy would help the novice nurse cope with transition into practice and reduce stress?
- A. When asked by the charge nurse to accept the new admission even though she had no discharges, the novice nurse stops and considers if this request is acceptable and safe, then accepts the assignment based on two patients having a low acuity level.
- B. Refusing to eat anywhere but the hospital cafeteria to ensure a balanced diet and time to socialize with other staff and visitors.
- C. Avoid wasting time by listening to coworkers' problems or ideas on how to staff the unit during the upcoming holiday since the novice nurse's time is valuable and better spent getting her own work completed.
- D. Make an effort to "win over" hostile or angry coworkers who find fault with the novice nurse's work performance.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it demonstrates a proactive and thoughtful approach to decision-making. By stopping to consider the request and assessing its safety implications before accepting it based on patient acuity levels, the novice nurse is prioritizing patient safety and her own capabilities. This strategy helps her cope with the transition into practice by promoting critical thinking and confidence in her decision-making skills.
Summary of why the other choices are incorrect:
B: Refusing to eat anywhere but the hospital cafeteria may lead to social isolation and restrict the novice nurse's ability to engage with others outside of work.
C: Ignoring coworkers' problems or staffing ideas can create a negative work environment and hinder teamwork, potentially increasing stress levels for the novice nurse.
D: Focusing on winning over hostile coworkers may detract from the novice nurse's professional growth and cause unnecessary stress from seeking validation from others.
Although a hospital reversed all charges when a client was the victim of wrong site surgery, the court awarded the client $5 million. The client was able to return to work in 6 weeks and had no permanent damages. This monetary compensation is termed:
- A. res ipsa loquitur.
- B. punitive damages.
- C. vicarious liability.
- D. immunity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: punitive damages. Punitive damages are awarded to punish the defendant for their wrongful actions. In this case, the hospital's negligence in performing wrong site surgery resulted in harm to the client, even though the hospital reversed the charges. The court awarded $5 million to punish the hospital for their negligence, as the client suffered emotional distress and the potential risk of harm. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: res ipsa loquitur is a legal doctrine used to shift the burden of proof from the plaintiff to the defendant in cases where the negligence is obvious.
C: vicarious liability holds an employer responsible for the actions of their employees, which is not directly applicable in this scenario.
D: immunity refers to protection from legal liability, which is not relevant in a case where the court awarded monetary compensation.
A group of RNs wish to seek union representation that would protect all workers in the agency including nonlicensed assistive personnel and non-nursing employees such as nutritionists and dietary workers. The type of union being sought is the strongest collective group and is known as a(n):
- A. occupational union.
- B. industrial union.
- C. union shop.
- D. right-to-work bargaining organization.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: industrial union. Industrial unions represent all workers in a particular industry regardless of their specific job roles, providing collective bargaining power for a broader group. In this scenario, the RNs seeking union representation aim to include nonlicensed personnel and non-nursing employees, making an industrial union the most appropriate choice.
A: Occupational union focuses on specific occupational groups, not as inclusive as industrial unions.
C: Union shop refers to a workplace where all employees must join the union after being hired, not related to the scope of representation.
D: Right-to-work bargaining organization allows employees to choose whether or not to join the union, not the strongest type of union for collective representation.