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A nurse manager is preparing a budget that does not base annual budgets on the revenue and expenditures of the prior year and has the advantage that outdated information is not integrated into the budget. The manager is using which budget method?
- A. Zero-based
- B. Incremental
- C. Labor
- D. Operational
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Correct Answer: A: Zero-based
Rationale:
1. Zero-based budgeting starts from scratch, evaluating each expense regardless of the prior year.
2. It helps eliminate inefficiencies and ensures resources are allocated to high-priority areas.
3. By not relying on past data, outdated information does not influence the budget decisions.
Summary:
B: Incremental budgeting builds on the previous year's budget, not starting from zero.
C: Labor budget focuses specifically on labor costs, not the overall budgeting approach.
D: Operational budget typically considers historical data and current operations, unlike zero-based budgeting.
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A nurse is very interested in learning more about health care economics and how she can use that knowledge to become a better patient advocate. She comments, "Nurses should not only deliver care one day at a time in one facility but should coordinate patient care as they move from acute care to rehabilitation to home care." This nurse would be a candidate for which nursing role?
- A. Disease management program (DMP) for chronic illnesses
- B. A hospital-based utilization management nurse who reviews medical records to determine the most appropriate DRG for patients
- C. Case management
- D. Reviewer for Managed Care Organization
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. The nurse's interest in coordinating patient care across different settings aligns with the role of a case manager.
2. Case managers focus on ensuring continuity of care and coordinating services for patients transitioning between different healthcare settings.
3. This role involves advocating for patients' needs and optimizing their health outcomes through seamless care transitions.
Summary:
A: DMP focuses on managing chronic illnesses, not coordinating care across settings.
B: Utilization management nurses focus on determining appropriate reimbursement levels, not on care coordination.
D: Reviewers for Managed Care Organizations focus on assessing medical necessity and cost-effectiveness, not on care coordination.
A new mother is experiencing pain after delivering an infant with Down syndrome. The staff nurse states, "I don't think she is really hurting. Let the next shift give the pain medication." The team leader notices the staff nurse looks agitated and anxious and asks about any concerns in providing care to this new mom. The staff nurse admits having a stillborn infant with Down syndrome. This is an example of which component of communication?
- A. Personal perception
- B. Past experiences
- C. Filtration
- D. Preconceived idea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Past experiences. In this scenario, the staff nurse's past experience of having a stillborn infant with Down syndrome is influencing her perception and behavior towards the new mother. This past experience is shaping her emotions, thoughts, and actions, demonstrating how personal experiences can impact communication in healthcare settings. This highlights the importance of self-awareness and reflection to understand how past experiences can influence interactions with patients.
Incorrect choices:
A: Personal perception - While personal perception plays a role in communication, the key factor in this scenario is the staff nurse's past experience, not just her perception.
C: Filtration - Filtration refers to the process of selectively interpreting information. In this case, the staff nurse's behavior is more influenced by her past experience rather than selective filtering of information.
D: Preconceived idea - While the staff nurse may have preconceived ideas about individuals with Down syndrome due to her past experience, the primary focus is on her past experience itself rather
A director of nursing (DON) asks the staff to list how their nursing unit can help the organization meet its goal to "provide quality patient care with attention to compassion and excellence." An ad hoc committee is formed to develop a timeline of identified actions. The DON coaches the committee to reach desired outcomes. This DON is demonstrating which other role of leadership and management?
- A. Transactional
- B. Clinical consultant
- C. Corporate supporter
- D. Autocratic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clinical consultant. In this scenario, the DON is providing guidance and expertise to the ad hoc committee in developing strategies to meet the organization's goal of providing quality patient care. As a clinical consultant, the DON utilizes their clinical knowledge and experience to coach and support the committee in achieving desired outcomes related to patient care. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Transactional leadership focuses on exchanging rewards for performance and does not align with the DON's role in providing clinical guidance.
C: Corporate supporter role involves advocating for organizational goals at a higher level and is not directly related to coaching a committee on clinical matters.
D: Autocratic leadership style is characterized by making decisions without input from others, which is not demonstrated in the scenario where the DON is coaching and guiding the committee.
A new nurse asks, "Since Electronic Medical Records can improve quality care by having seamless data available for a patient, why doesn't everyone just replace paper and pencil charts"? Barriers to a universal health information infrastructure include the fact that: (select all that apply)
- A. competition from individual companies to build EMR prevent a universal infrastructure.
- B. cost is prohibitive even with federal funding for larger health care systems.
- C. preventive health reminders for immunizations and yearly screenings such as mammograms are used in clinical decision making.
- D. insurance companies have halted sharing of some patient data due to fear of law suits.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because competition from individual companies to build EMR prevents a universal infrastructure. This is because different EMR systems may not be compatible with each other, hindering seamless data sharing.
Choice B is incorrect because while cost can be a barrier, federal funding can help mitigate this issue for larger healthcare systems. Choice C is incorrect because preventive health reminders are a benefit of EMR, not a barrier. Choice D is incorrect because insurance companies' fear of lawsuits does not directly impact the establishment of a universal health information infrastructure.
When working with the family of a patient receiving palliative care, what is the nurse's initial intervention?
- A. Determining who will be the patient's durable power of attorney
- B. Identifying what types of help the family will need to care for the patient
- C. Completely an assessment of the family's strengths and weaknesses
- D. Discuss the dynamics of the family with the patient
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct initial intervention for the nurse when working with the family of a patient receiving palliative care is to identify what types of help the family will need to care for the patient (Choice B). This is because understanding the family's needs and resources is essential for providing effective support. By identifying the specific types of assistance required, the nurse can tailor the care plan to meet the family's needs, enhancing the quality of care provided to the patient.
Determining the patient's durable power of attorney (Choice A) is important but usually comes later in the process after understanding the family's needs. Completing an assessment of the family's strengths and weaknesses (Choice C) is valuable but not the initial step. Discussing the dynamics of the family with the patient (Choice D) may be relevant but is not the priority when initiating support for the family.