Nokea
A nurse observes rhythmic, involuntary facial movements in a client who has been receiving antipsychotic drugs. The client also makes chewing movements and, at times, his tongue protrudes. The nurse interprets these findings as which of the following?
- A. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- B. Neuropeptic malignant syndrome
- C. Tardive dyskinesia
- D. Extrapyramidal syndrome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tardive dyskinesia is characterized by rhythmic, involuntary movements of the tongue, face, mouth, or jaw and sometimes the extremities. The tongue may protrude, and there may be chewing movements, puckering of the mouth, and facial grimacing. Extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS), neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), and Stevens-Johnson syndrome do not cause rhythmic, involuntary facial movements.
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Before administering a prescribed antipsychotic drug to a client, the nurse observes the client for any behavior patterns that appear to be deviations from normal. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a deviation? Select all that apply.
- A. Poor eye contact
- B. Monotone speech pattern
- C. Inappropriate laughter
- D. Failure to answer questions completely
- E. Inappropriate crying
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Examples of deviation from normal include poor eye contact, failure to answer questions completely, inappropriate answers to questions, a monotone speech pattern, and inappropriate laughter, sadness, or crying.
A nurse would assess a client treated with an antipsychotic medication for which of the following behaviors if the antipsychotic medication was stopped? Select all that apply.
- A. Hallucinations
- B. Anhedonia
- C. Delusions
- D. Dystonia
- E. Flattened affect
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Antipsychotic medications help control symptoms associated with psychotic disorders such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, behavior disturbances, social withdrawal, flattened affect, and anhedonia. Dystonia would be noted as an adverse reaction with antipsychotic drugs.
A nurse is administering haloperidol to a client with schizophrenia. The nurse determines that the drug is effective when there is improvement in which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Agitation
- B. Alogia
- C. Concrete thinking
- D. Delusions
- E. Hallucinations
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Haloperidol is a conventional antipsychotic that is used to control the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as agitation, delusions, and hallucinations. Effectiveness of the drug would lead to a decrease in these positive symptoms. Atypical antipsychotics help to diminish the negative symptoms such as alogia and problems with concrete thinking.
When teaching a client who is to receive antipsychotic therapy, the nurse would include which of the following as a common skin reaction that might occur when initiating therapy? Select all that apply.
- A. Urticaria
- B. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- C. Photosensitivity
- D. Hyperpigmentation
- E. Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Urticaria and photosensitivity are common skin reactions a nurse should warn a client about when the client is initiated on antipsychotic therapy.
After teaching a group of nursing students about antipsychotics, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as a typical antipsychotic? Select all that apply.
- A. Lithium (Eskalith)
- B. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
- C. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
- D. Haloperidol (Haldol)
- E. Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Chlorpromazine, haloperidol, and fluphenazine are classified as typical antipsychotics.