Nokea
A nurse on a quality control committee is evaluating the results of recently implemented measures designed to reduce client medication errors. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to evaluate the success of the changes?
- A. Compare the number of medication errors before and after the action was implemented.
- B. Conduct a study about the time and money costs of implementing the change.
- C. Establish a benchmark to identify a standard of performance.
- D. Provide the staff with a questionnaire to quantify staff satisfaction with the changes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Compare the number of medication errors before and after the action was implemented. This method is effective in evaluating the success of the changes because it directly assesses the impact of the implemented measures on reducing medication errors. By comparing the number of errors before and after the changes, the nurse can determine if the interventions were successful in achieving the desired outcome.
Summary:
B: Conducting a study about the time and money costs is irrelevant to evaluating the success of reducing medication errors.
C: Establishing a benchmark is important for setting a standard but does not directly assess the effectiveness of the changes.
D: Providing staff with a questionnaire assesses satisfaction, not the actual impact on medication errors.
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A nurse is triaging clients in the emergency department after a multi-vehicle accident. Which of the following clients should the nurse prioritize for immediate care?
- A. A client with a laceration on the arm and stable vital signs.
- B. A client with a closed fracture of the femur and severe pain.
- C. A client with chest pain and shortness of breath.
- D. A client with abrasions on the face and neck.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A client with chest pain and shortness of breath. This client should be prioritized for immediate care as chest pain and shortness of breath can indicate a potentially life-threatening condition such as a heart attack or pulmonary embolism. The nurse should assess and intervene promptly to prevent further complications.
Choice A is incorrect because a laceration on the arm with stable vital signs is not immediately life-threatening. Choice B, a closed fracture of the femur with severe pain, while painful, does not pose an immediate threat to life. Choice D, abrasions on the face and neck, are not considered priority over potential cardiac or respiratory issues.
A nurse in an emergency department receives report from an emergency responder who states a client is being transported following exposure to a 'dirty bomb'. The nurse should prepare to care for a client that has been exposed to which of the following types of agents?
- A. Radiologic
- B. Anthrax
- C. Chemical
- D. Sarin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Radiologic. A 'dirty bomb' combines conventional explosives with radioactive material, leading to radiologic exposure. The emergency responder's report of a 'dirty bomb' indicates potential radiation exposure. Choice B, Anthrax, is incorrect as it is a biological agent. Choice C, Chemical, is incorrect as it refers to exposure to toxic chemicals. Choice D, Sarin, is incorrect as it is a nerve agent. In summary, the nurse should prepare for radiologic exposure due to the 'dirty bomb' incident.
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has a compression fracture of a spinal vertebra. During transport to the facility, the client was medicated with intravenous morphine. On arrival, the neurosurgeon determined urgent surgical intervention is indicated for the fracture. Staff members have been unable to reach the client's family. Which of the following actions should the nurse anticipate the neurosurgeon taking?
- A. Prescribing naloxone to reverse the effects of the morphine
- B. Asking the client to sign the surgical consent form
- C. Delaying the surgery until a member of the client's family is reached
- D. Invoking implied consent
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Invoking implied consent. Implied consent allows healthcare providers to proceed with urgent treatment when a patient is unable to provide informed consent and there is an immediate threat to the patient's life or health. In this scenario, the client requires urgent surgical intervention for a compression fracture, and the family cannot be reached. Therefore, the neurosurgeon may invoke implied consent to proceed with the surgery to prevent further harm to the client.
A: Prescribing naloxone to reverse the effects of the morphine is not necessary in this case as the morphine was given for pain management and does not interfere with the need for urgent surgical intervention.
B: Asking the client to sign the surgical consent form is not appropriate as the client may not be in a condition to provide informed consent due to the urgent nature of the surgery and the effects of the medication.
C: Delaying the surgery until a member of the client's family is reached may not be feasible if there
A nurse is preparing to delegate tasks to a licensed practical nurse (LPN). Which of the following tasks is appropriate for the LPN to perform?
- A. Develop a care plan for a client with a new diagnosis of diabetes.
- B. Administer a prescribed subcutaneous insulin injection.
- C. Perform an admission assessment for a client with chest pain.
- D. Evaluate the effectiveness of a client's pain management plan.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer a prescribed subcutaneous insulin injection. LPNs are trained to administer medications, including insulin injections, under the supervision of a registered nurse or physician. LPNs have the knowledge and skills necessary to safely administer medications. Choices A, C, and D involve assessments, evaluations, and care planning, which are tasks typically performed by registered nurses. LPNs can assist with these tasks but should not independently perform them. Overall, LPNs are best suited to carry out tasks related to direct patient care, such as medication administration.
A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the laboratory findings for a client who is scheduled for surgery. Which of the following findings requires follow up by the nurse?
- A. WBC 6,000/mm3
- B. BUN 15 mg/dL
- C. Hemoglobin 14 g/dL
- D. Platelet count 60,000/mm3
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Platelet count 60,000/mm3. A low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) can increase the risk of bleeding during surgery. Normal platelet count is around 150,000-450,000/mm3. The other options are within normal ranges: A) WBC 6,000/mm3 is normal, B) BUN 15 mg/dL is normal, and C) Hemoglobin 14 g/dL is normal. Therefore, the nurse should follow up on the platelet count to ensure the client's safety during surgery.