Nokea
A nurse receives a report from assistive personnel that a client's BP is 160/95. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Notify the provider
- B. Recheck the blood pressure
- C. Administer antihypertensive medication
- D. Document the blood pressure in the chart
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse to take when receiving a report of a client's blood pressure reading of 160/95 is to recheck the blood pressure. Rechecking the blood pressure ensures the accuracy of the reading before making any further decisions or interventions. Notifying the provider (Choice A) can be considered after confirming the blood pressure reading. Administering antihypertensive medication (Choice C) should not be done based solely on one reading without verification. Documenting the blood pressure in the chart (Choice D) should also come after confirming the accuracy of the reading to avoid recording incorrect information.
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A nurse is preparing to perform an abdominal assessment on a client. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Percuss the abdomen
- B. Inspect the abdomen
- C. Auscultate before palpation
- D. Palpate the abdomen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to auscultate before palpation. This ensures that bowel sounds are not altered by physical manipulation. Inspecting the abdomen is a valid step but not the first. Percussing and palpating should come after auscultation to prevent altering bowel sounds or causing discomfort to the client.
A nurse is assessing the IV infusion site of a client who reports pain at the site. The site is red, and there is warmth along the course of the vein. What should the nurse do?
- A. Increase the IV flow rate
- B. Discontinue the infusion
- C. Elevate the limb
- D. Apply a cold compress
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to discontinue the infusion (Choice B) as the signs described suggest phlebitis, an inflammation of the vein. Increasing the IV flow rate (Choice A) can exacerbate the condition by increasing the irritation. Elevating the limb (Choice C) and applying a cold compress (Choice D) are not the appropriate interventions for phlebitis. Elevation and cold therapy are more suitable for conditions like swelling or inflammation, but in this case, discontinuing the infusion is the priority to prevent further complications.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with a new diagnosis of hypertension. What lifestyle modification should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Decrease potassium intake
- B. Increase fluid intake to 2 liters per day
- C. Avoid foods high in calcium
- D. Increase sodium intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct lifestyle modification that the nurse should emphasize for a client with hypertension is to increase fluid intake to 2 liters per day. Proper hydration helps manage hypertension by supporting kidney function in regulating blood pressure and by diluting sodium levels in the body. Decreasing potassium intake (Choice A) is not recommended, as potassium-rich foods like fruits and vegetables are beneficial for blood pressure control. Avoiding foods high in calcium (Choice C) is not directly related to managing hypertension, and increasing sodium intake (Choice D) is contraindicated as excess sodium can elevate blood pressure.
A nurse is reviewing the health history of a client who has a hip fracture. What risk factor should the nurse identify for developing pressure injuries?
- A. Frequent repositioning
- B. Poor nutrition
- C. Increased fluid intake
- D. Use of a special mattress
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Poor nutrition increases the risk of developing pressure injuries as it impairs skin integrity and healing. Frequent repositioning, increased fluid intake, and the use of a special mattress are all important interventions for preventing pressure injuries, rather than risk factors for developing them. Repositioning helps relieve pressure, adequate fluid intake maintains skin hydration, and special mattresses redistribute pressure to prevent injuries.
A nurse is preparing to perform a routine abdominal assessment for a client. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Palpate the abdomen before auscultation
- B. Inspect the abdomen after palpation
- C. Auscultate before palpation
- D. Start by percussing the abdomen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to auscultate before palpation when performing an abdominal assessment. This sequence is crucial to prevent altering bowel sounds. Starting with palpation (Choice A) can lead to false interpretations of bowel sounds due to stimulation of the intestines. Inspecting the abdomen after palpation (Choice B) can also potentially alter the assessment findings. Starting with percussion (Choice D) is not recommended as it should come after auscultation to further assess underlying structures.