Nokea
A nurse suspects that a client receiving oral penicillin therapy is developing pseudomembranous colitis based on assessment of which of the following?
- A. Bloody diarrhea
- B. Pruritus
- C. Chills
- D. Hives
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pseudomembranous colitis is a severe, life-threatening form of diarrhea that occurs when normal flora of the bowel is eliminated and replaced with C. difficile bacteria. It is manifested by bloody diarrhea. Pruritus and hives would suggest an allergic reaction. Chills could indicate a wide range of problems.
You may also like to solve these questions
After teaching a group of nursing students about the different generations of cephalosporins, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as an example of a first-generation cephalosporin? Select all that apply.
- A. Cefepime (Maxipime)
- B. Cefazolin (Ancef)
- C. Cefoxitin (Mefoxin)
- D. Cephalexin (Keflex)
- E. Cefaclor (Raniclor)
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Cefazolin and cephalexin are examples of first-generation cephalosporins. Cefoxitin and cefaclor are examples of second-generation cephalosporins. Cefepime is an example of a fourth-generation cephalosporin.
A patient undergoing penicillin therapy shows improvement and states that he is feeling better. Which of the following interventions is the nurse most likely to perform in such a situation?
- A. Instruct patient to increase dietary intake.
- B. Inform the primary health provider immediately.
- C. Record assessments on patient's chart.
- D. Inquire about any previous drug allergies.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When the patient declares that he is feeling better and is also showing improved health, it should be recorded on the patient's chart. If the condition of the patient has improved, the patient will show an increased appetite, but there is no need to instruct the patient to increase dietary intake. The primary health provider need not be informed about the condition immediately unless the patient shows signs of deterioration or complications. The nurse should inquire about previous drug allergies before the start of therapy.
After teaching a group of nursing students about penicillins, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as a group? Select all that apply.
- A. Synthetic penicillins
- B. Natural penicillins
- C. Penicillinase-resistant penicillins
- D. Aminopenicillins
- E. Extended-spectrum penicillins
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Penicillins are categorized into four groups including the natural penicillins, penicillinase-resistant penicillins, aminopenicillins, and extended-spectrum penicillins.
A nurse is teaching a patient about the common adverse reactions that can occur with his prescribed therapy with cephalosporins. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the patient identifies which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Headache
- C. Constipation
- D. Heartburn
- E. Vomiting
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Common adverse reactions to cephalosporins include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, malaise, heartburn, and fever.
After taking penicillin as prescribed, a patient shows signs of diarrhea and informs the nurse that there is blood in his stools. Which of the following interventions should the nurse do next?
- A. Contact primary health provider immediately.
- B. Have the patient consume yogurt with his next meal.
- C. Decrease fiber content in diet.
- D. Continue with prescribed regimen.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: If diarrhea is suspected, the nurse should notify the primary health care provider immediately. The nurse should wait for the primary health care provider's instructions before continuing with the prescribed regimen. Yogurt or buttermilk may help prevent fungal superinfections, but they will not help alleviate the patient's condition at this stage. Changes in the diet are not recommended unless instructed by the primary health care provider.