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A nurse working in an infectious disease clinic is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of Lyme disease. Which of the following agencies is responsible for voluntarily reporting cases of this disease to the CDC?
- A. Office of the Surgeon General.
- B. State health department.
- C. Hospital infection control department.
- D. Local Red Cross chapter.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: State health department. The state health department is responsible for voluntarily reporting cases of Lyme disease to the CDC as part of the national surveillance system for infectious diseases. State health departments collect and report data on various diseases to monitor trends, detect outbreaks, and implement public health interventions. The Office of the Surgeon General does not handle disease reporting, the Hospital infection control department focuses on preventing healthcare-associated infections within the hospital, and the Local Red Cross chapter is not involved in disease surveillance. Thus, the state health department is the appropriate agency for reporting cases of Lyme disease to the CDC.
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a community health nurse is educating a parent about the importance of hepatitis B immunization. which of the following explanations should the nurse give the parent about the disease?
- A. one dose of the immunization gives children lifelong protection from hepatitis B
- B. hepatitis B spreads easily among children through casual contact
- C. many people who acquire acute hepatitis B develop chronic hepatitis
- D. people who have had a hepatitis B infection still need the immunization
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hepatitis B spreads easily among children through casual contact. This is the most appropriate explanation to give the parent because hepatitis B is primarily transmitted through contact with infected blood or body fluids, making children especially vulnerable due to their frequent interactions. Choice A is incorrect as multiple doses are needed for full protection. Choice C is incorrect as not everyone with acute hepatitis B develops chronic hepatitis. Choice D is incorrect because previous infection does not guarantee lifelong immunity.
a school nurse is planning safety education for a group of adolescents. the nurse should give priority to which of the following topics as the leading cause of death for this age group
- A. motor vehicle safety
- B. sports injury prevention
- C. substance abuse prevention
- D. gun safety
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: sports injury prevention. Adolescents are more likely to die from sports-related injuries than any other cause listed. This is because sports activities carry inherent risks of serious injuries, such as head trauma or spinal cord injuries. By prioritizing sports injury prevention education, the school nurse can help reduce the likelihood of fatalities within this age group.
Choice A (motor vehicle safety) is also important, but statistics show that sports injuries are the leading cause of death for adolescents. Choice C (substance abuse prevention) and D (gun safety) are significant issues, but they are not the leading causes of death for this age group. Choices E, F, and G are not provided, so they are not relevant to this question.
a home health nurse is caring for a client who has chemotherapy induced nausea that has been resistant to relief form pharmacological measures. which of the following interventions should the nurse initiate (select all that apply)?
- A. use seasonings to enhance the flavor of foods
- B. provide sips of room temperature ginger ale between meals
- C. maintain the head of theclients bed in an elevated position after eating
- D. offer 120 ml (4 oz.) of cold 2% milk as a meal replacement
- E. assist the client in using guided imagery
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: offer 120 ml (4 oz.) of cold 2% milk as a meal replacement. Cold milk can help soothe the stomach and provide some relief from nausea. It is important to offer a small amount like 120 ml to prevent overwhelming the digestive system.
A: Using seasonings may worsen nausea due to strong flavors.
B: Ginger ale can contain carbonation which may exacerbate nausea.
C: Elevating the head of the bed is more beneficial for GERD, not chemotherapy-induced nausea.
E: Guided imagery may be helpful for relaxation but may not directly address the nausea.
In summary, offering a small amount of cold milk is the most appropriate intervention as it can help provide relief without exacerbating the nausea.
a nurse working in an infectious disease clinic is caring for a client has a new diagnosis of Lyme disease. which of the following agencies is responsible for voluntarily reporting cases of this disease to the centers for disease control and prevention
- A. office of the surgeon general
- B. state health department
- C. hospital infection control department
- D. local red cross chapter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: office of the surgeon general. The office of the surgeon general is responsible for overseeing public health initiatives, including the surveillance and reporting of infectious diseases like Lyme disease to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The surgeon general plays a crucial role in coordinating efforts to monitor and control disease outbreaks at the national level. The state health department (choice B) focuses on local and state-level reporting, while the hospital infection control department (choice C) is responsible for internal infection control measures within healthcare facilities. The local Red Cross chapter (choice D) primarily deals with disaster relief and community support, not disease reporting.
a community health nurse is working with a group of homeless veterans who have posttraumatic stress disorder. which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
- A. provide coffee and snacks during the meetings
- B. avoid discussing the traumatic events experienced by the veterans
- C. change the meetings sites frequently
- D. teach the clients to practice deep breathing exercises
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: change the meeting sites frequently. This intervention is important for individuals with PTSD as it helps prevent triggers associated with specific locations, reducing anxiety and potential retraumatization. Providing coffee and snacks (A) may be helpful, but changing meeting sites is a more crucial step. Avoiding discussing traumatic events (B) may hinder the veterans' healing process by avoiding necessary therapeutic conversations. Teaching deep breathing exercises (D) can be beneficial but may not address the core issues related to PTSD.