Nokea
A nurse would expect to administer opioid analgesics primarily for the client with which of the following?
- A. Severe acute pain
- B. Mild acute pain
- C. Moderate chronic pain
- D. Mild chronic pain
- E. Opioid dependence
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Opioid analgesics are used primarily for the treatment of moderate to severe acute pain and chronic pain and in the treatment and management of opiate dependence.
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A postoperative client has a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Breathing Pattern and is fearful that movement may result in more pain. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do?
- A. Get the client out of bed.
- B. Have the client do deep breathing.
- C. Encourage the client to lie still in bed.
- D. Get the client to cough every 2 hours.
- E. Administer more pain medication.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The client taking an opioid may be fearful that exercise will cause more pain. To help overcome this fear, the nurse should get the client out of bed and encourage therapeutic activities, such as deep breathing, coughing, and leg exercises, (when ordered). Having the client lie still in bed and giving more pain medication would be inappropriate.
A client is prescribed a transdermal opioid. After teaching the client and family how to administer this drug, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when they state which of the following?
- A. The drug should be reapplied every 24 hours.
- B. We should try to apply the patch to about the same site each time.
- C. The site should only be cleaned with water before each application.
- D. A hairy area, like the forearm, is an appropriate place to apply the patch.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Only water is used to clean the site because soap and other substances may irritate the skin. The patch is applied for 72 hours and sites should be rotated. Any site that is used should be free of hair.
When describing opioid analgesics to a group of nursing students, the instructor would expect to include which classifications?
- A. An agonist
- B. A partial agonist
- C. A partial antagonist
- D. An antagonist
- E. An agonist-antagonist
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: An opioid analgesic may be classified as an agonist, partial agonist, and agonist-antagonist.
A nurse is administering an opioid analgesic to a client with severe chronic pain. The nurse understands that the rate of tolerance to an opioid analgesics effects varies from client to client. The nurse identifies which of the following as affecting the rate at which tolerance develops?
- A. Body weight
- B. Gender
- C. Dosage
- D. Route of administration
- E. Age
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: The rate at which tolerance to an opioid analgesic develops varies according to dosage, the route of administration, and the individual.
A nurse is caring for a client with pain caused by terminal illness. The primary care provider has prescribed an opioid for the client. The nurse would be alert for the development of which of the following?
- A. Emphysema
- B. Alopecia
- C. Dehydration
- D. Severe anorexia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should monitor the client for severe anorexia, which is one of the adverse reactions of opioid analgesics on the GI system. Other adverse effects on the GI system include constipation, nausea, and acute abdominal pain. The nurse need not monitor the client for emphysema, alopecia, or severe headache.