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A nursing instructor is reviewing the various theories related to anorexia nervosa. Which of the following would the instructor include when describing theories related to the biologic domain? Select all that apply.
- A. Genetic vulnerability
- B. Separation-individuation
- C. Role pressures
- D. Dieting leading to starvation
- E. Pursuit of thinness
- F. Decreased serotonin activity
Correct Answer: A,F
Rationale: Biologic theories for anorexia nervosa include genetic vulnerability (A) and decreased serotonin activity (F), linked to appetite and mood regulation. Separation-individuation (B), role pressures (C), and pursuit of thinness (E) are psychosocial, and dieting (D) is behavioral.
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The nurse is preparing to discharge a client who has been hospitalized with anorexia nervosa. Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Knowing the calorie content of numerous foods
- B. Learning strategies to control impulses
- C. Describing physiologic consequences of anorexia nervosa
- D. Setting realistic goals
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Setting realistic goals (D) supports recovery by promoting achievable steps toward healthy eating and weight restoration. Calorie knowledge (A) may reinforce obsessive behaviors, impulse control (B) is less specific, and describing consequences (C) is informative but not action-oriented.
A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local middle school health class about eating disorders as a means for prevention and early detection. Which of the following would the nurse incorporate into the presentation as being common to both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa? Select all that apply.
- A. Body dissatisfaction
- B. Feelings of control
- C. Obsessiveness
- D. Boundary problems
- E. Sexuality fears
- F. Cognitive distortions
Correct Answer: A,C,F
Rationale: Body dissatisfaction (A), obsessiveness (C), and cognitive distortions (F) are common to both anorexia and bulimia nervosa, reflecting distorted self-image and rigid thinking. Control (B) is more specific to anorexia, boundary problems (D) to bulimia, and sexuality fears (E) are less universal.
A psychiatric mental health nurse working in the community is planning an educational program for fifth and sixth grade teachers. Which of the following would the nurse include?
- A. Discussion of strategies the teachers can use to counteract the role media plays in encouraging eating disorders
- B. Emphasis on the need for teachers to focus their prevention efforts on female students
- C. Stressing of the need to allow students to eat without undue attention or supervision to prevent inadvertently influencing eating patterns
- D. Clarification that peer pressure is not typically problematic in children who are in the fifth and sixth grades
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Rationale: Discussing media?s role in promoting unrealistic body images addresses a key risk factor for eating disorders in young students. Focusing only on females (B) ignores males, unsupervised eating (C) may miss opportunities for intervention, and peer pressure (D) is significant at this age.
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client newly diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Which of the following would the nurse expect to implement in conjunction with pharmacologic therapy?
- A. Behavioral therapy
- B. Cognitive behavioral therapy
- C. Interpersonal therapy
- D. Family therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (B) is the most effective non-pharmacologic treatment for bulimia nervosa, addressing distorted thoughts and behaviors. Behavioral therapy (A) is less specific, interpersonal (C) and family (D) therapies are adjunctive.
The nurse is caring for several hospitalized clients with anorexia nervosa. The nurse would be especially alert for which of the following if noted in the clients? histories?
- A. Paranoia
- B. Primary insomnia
- C. Depression
- D. Aggression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Depression (C) is a common comorbidity in anorexia nervosa, increasing risk for self-harm and complicating treatment, warranting close attention. Paranoia (A), insomnia (B), and aggression (D) are less prevalent or specific.