Nokea
A nursing instructor is teaching about the monoamine category of neurotransmitters. Which student statement indicates that learning about the function of norepinephrine has occurred?
- A. Norepinephrine functions to regulate mood, cognition, and perception.
- B. Norepinephrine functions to regulate arousal, libido, and appetite.D. Norepinephrine functions to regulate pain, inflammatory response, and wakefulness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because norepinephrine is primarily involved in regulating arousal, libido, and appetite. This neurotransmitter is released in response to stress or danger, increasing alertness and readiness for action. Choices A and C are incorrect because they describe the functions of serotonin and dopamine, respectively. Serotonin regulates mood, cognition, and perception, while dopamine is involved in pain modulation, inflammatory response, and wakefulness. Therefore, choice B is the most appropriate in indicating learning about the function of norepinephrine.
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After fasting from 10 p.m. the previous evening, a client finds out that the blood test has been canceled. The client swears at the nurse and states, You are incompetent! Which is the nurses best response?
- A. Do you believe that I was the cause of your blood test being canceled?
- B. I see that you are upset, but I feel uncomfortable when you swear at me.
- C. Have you ever thought about ways to express anger appropriately?
- D. Ill give you some space. Let me know if you need anything.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I see that you are upset, but I feel uncomfortable when you swear at me." This response acknowledges the client's emotion while setting a boundary against inappropriate behavior. It demonstrates empathy towards the client's feelings without condoning the swearing. It also communicates the nurse's discomfort with the behavior, which can help in de-escalating the situation.
A: Choice A deflects responsibility and may come off as defensive, not addressing the client's emotions directly.
C: Choice C shifts the focus away from the client's immediate distress and may not be well-received in the heat of the moment.
D: Choice D, while giving space, doesn't address the behavior directly and may not effectively address the client's emotions or the impact of their actions on the nurse.
What is the priority nursing action during the orientation (introductory) phase of the nurseclient relationship?
- A. Acknowledge the clients actions and generate alternative behaviors.
- B. Establish rapport and develop treatment goals.
- C. Attempt to find alternative placement.
- D. Explore how thoughts and feelings about this client may adversely impact care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Establish rapport and develop treatment goals. During the introductory phase of the nurse-client relationship, establishing rapport is essential to build trust and a therapeutic alliance. Developing treatment goals collaboratively with the client sets the foundation for the care plan. This action promotes client engagement and empowerment. Acknowledging client actions and generating alternative behaviors (A) is more suited for later phases. Attempting to find alternative placement (C) is not appropriate in the introductory phase. Exploring how thoughts and feelings impact care (D) is important but not the priority during the orientation phase.
A newly admitted client diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) washes hands continually. This behavior prevents unit activity attendance. Which nursing statement best addresses this situation?
- A. Everyone diagnosed with OCD needs to control their ritualistic behaviors.
- B. It is important for you to discontinue these ritualistic behaviors.
- C. Why are you asking for help if you wont participate in unit therapy?
- D. Lets figure out a way for you to attend unit activities and still wash your hands.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it acknowledges the client's need to wash their hands due to OCD while also addressing the issue of missing unit activities. By suggesting finding a way for the client to attend activities while still accommodating their need to wash hands, it promotes a collaborative approach and respects the client's autonomy. Option A is incorrect as not everyone with OCD can completely control their behaviors. Option B is too directive and may increase resistance. Option C is confrontational and may discourage the client from seeking help.
A family member is seeking advice about an elderly parent who seems to worry unnecessarily about everything. The family member states, Should I seek psychiatric help for my mother? Which is an appropriate nursing reply?
- A. My mother also worries unnecessarily. I think it is part of the aging process.
- B. Anxiety is considered abnormal when it is out of proportion to the stimulus causing it and when it impairs functioning.
- C. From what you have told me, you should get her to a psychiatrist as soon as possible.
- D. Anxiety is a complex phenomenon and is effectively treated only with psychotropic medications.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it provides a clear and accurate explanation of when anxiety is considered abnormal. It states that anxiety is abnormal when it is out of proportion to the stimulus causing it and when it impairs functioning. This response shows understanding of the situation and suggests seeking professional help based on specific criteria.
Choice A is incorrect as it dismisses the concerns as part of the aging process without addressing the possibility of abnormal anxiety. Choice C is incorrect as it jumps to the conclusion of seeking psychiatric help without evaluating the level of anxiety or impairment. Choice D is incorrect as it oversimplifies anxiety treatment by suggesting it can only be treated with medications, ignoring the importance of therapy and other interventions.
A 6-year-old boy uses his fathers flashlight to explore his 3-year-old sisters genitalia. According to Freud, in which stage of psychosocial development should a nurse identify this behavior as normal?
- A. Oral
- B. Anal
- C. Phallic
- D. Latency
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Phallic stage. In Freud's psychosexual stages of development, the phallic stage occurs around ages 3 to 6. During this stage, children become curious about their own bodies and those of others. The boy exploring his sister's genitalia is displaying normal curiosity associated with this stage. The Oedipus complex and Electra complex also occur during this stage, where children develop feelings towards the opposite-sex parent. Choices A, B, and D do not align with the behaviors described in the scenario and are associated with different stages of development (oral, anal, and latency).