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A nursing instructor is teaching pre-nursing students in a pathophysiology class. What would the instructor teach the students about M?©ni?¨re disease?
- A. It is referred to as endolymphatic hydrops.
- B. It originates in the middle ear.
- C. It is referred to as lymphatic hydrops.
- D. It originates in the outer ear.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a person moves the head, the endolymph also moves, and nerve receptors within the membranous labyrinth send signals to the brain about the movement. In M?©ni?¨re disease, an increase in endolymph causes the membranous labyrinth to dilate like a balloon; this is referred to as endolymphatic hydrops. M?©ni?¨re disease does not originate in either the middle or the outer ear, and it is not referred to as lymphatic hydrops.
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The nurse is supervising a family member who is instilling ear drops into the client's ear. Which of the following statements, made by the family member, would prompt further nursing instruction?
- A. Turn your head to the side so I can put these drops in.
- B. These drops are cold from being on the windowsill.
- C. Let me put this cotton ball in your ear because I put the drop in.
- D. I squeeze the dropper to put a drop of medicine in the ear.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When the family member states that the drops are cold, the nurse would encourage the family member to place the bottle in a warm bath or warm the bottle in their hands. Cold or hot liquids, instilled in the ear, may cause dizziness and potential for injury.
There are several types of hearing loss. Which type of hearing loss benefits from the use of a hearing aid?
- A. Sensorineural
- B. Conductive
- C. Genetic
- D. Acquired
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diminished hearing results from a conductive loss, sensorineural loss, or both. Clients with a conductive hearing loss benefit more from the use of a hearing aid because the structures that convert sound into energy and facilitate perception of sound in the brain continue to function. Genetic and acquired are not types of hearing loss.
A nurse is caring for a 24-year-old female client diagnosed with otosclerosis. Which teaching by the nurse is most accurate?
- A. Symptoms may be accelerated by pregnancy.
- B. Medications can interfere with birth control pills.
- C. Menstrual periods may be longer and more severe.
- D. Females otosclerosis is linked with infertility.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The etiology of otosclerosis is unknown; however, it is more common in females than males and usually occurs in the second or third decade of life. It is accurate to instruct female that symptoms of otosclerosis seem to be accelerated during pregnancy.
The nurse is caring for a client with recurrent ear infections. The nurse assesses the client for further infectious processes traveling deeper into the tissue and becoming more lethal. Which infection, originated in the ear, is of most concern?
- A. Mastoiditis
- B. Meningitis
- C. Sinusitis
- D. Labyrinthitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The infection stemming from the ear may extend to the meninges, causing meningitis, or a brain abscess could occur. This could be life threatening. The other options are also potential complications of an ear infection but not as much of a concern as meningitis.
The nurse is caring for a client who is post-stapedectomy. What would the nurse include in the nursing care?
- A. Place the client on the operative side.
- B. Keep the affected ear packed with cotton.
- C. Encourage the client to exercise within 24 hours.
- D. Assess the facial nerve.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: After surgery, the nurse positions the client on the nonoperative side and takes care to prevent dislodgment of the prosthesis as a result of coughing, sneezing, or vomiting. Nausea and dizziness are common problems. The nurse assesses facial nerve function by checking symmetry when the client smiles or frowns. The nurse does not keep the ear packed with cotton or encourage the client to exercise.