Nokea
A nursing is planning the care of a patient with emphysema who will soon be discharged. What teaching should the nurse prioritize in the plan of care?
- A. Taking prophylactic antibiotics as ordered
- B. Adhering to the treatment regimen in order to cure the disease
- C. Avoiding airplanes, buses, and other crowded public places
- D. Setting realistic short-term and long-range goals
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A major area of teaching involves setting and accepting realistic short-term and long-range goals. Emphysema is not considered curable and antibiotics are not used on a preventative basis. The patient does not normally need to avoid public places.
You may also like to solve these questions
A pediatric nurse practitioner is caring for a child who has just been diagnosed with asthma. The nurse has provided the parents with information that includes potential causative agents for an asthmatic reaction. What potential causative agent should the nurse describe?
- A. Pets
- B. Lack of sleep
- C. Psychosocial stress
- D. Bacteria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Common causative agents that may trigger an asthma attack are as follows: dust, dust mites, pets, soap, certain foods, molds, and pollens. Lack of sleep, stress, and bacteria are not common triggers for asthma attacks.
A nurse is providing health education to the family of a patient with bronchiectasis. What should the nurse teach the patients family members?
- A. The correct technique for chest palpation and auscultation
- B. Techniques for assessing the patients fluid balance
- C. The technique for providing deep nasotracheal suctioning
- D. The correct technique for providing postural drainage
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A focus of the care of bronchiectasis is helping patients clear pulmonary secretions; consequently, patients and families are taught to perform postural drainage. Chest palpation and auscultation and assessment of fluid balance are not prioritized over postural drainage. Nasotracheal suctioning is not normally necessary.
A nurse has been asked to give a workshop on COPD for a local community group. The nurse emphasizes the importance of smoking cessation because smoking has what pathophysiologic effect?
- A. Increases the amount of mucus production
- B. Destabilizes hemoglobin
- C. Shrinks the alveoli in the lungs
- D. Collapses the alveoli in the lungs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking irritates the goblet cells and mucous glands, causing an increased accumulation of mucus, which, in turn, produces more irritation, infection, and damage to the lung.
A nurse is reviewing the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) in anticipation of a new admission. The nurse should identify what characteristic aspects of CF?
- A. Alveolar mucus plugging, infection, and eventual bronchiectasis
- B. Bronchial mucus plugging, inflammation, and eventual bronchiectasis
- C. Atelectasis, infection, and eventual COPD
- D. Bronchial mucus plugging, infection, and eventual COPD
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The hallmark pathology of CF is bronchial mucus plugging, inflammation, and eventual bronchiectasis. Commonly, the bronchiectasis begins in the upper lobes and progresses to involve all lobes. Infection, atelectasis, and COPD are not hallmark pathologies of CF.
A patient arrives in the emergency department with an attack of acute bronchiectasis. Chest auscultation reveals the presence of copious secretions. What intervention should the nurse prioritize in this patients care?
- A. Oral administration of diuretics
- B. Intravenous fluids to reduce the viscosity of secretions
- C. Postural chest drainage
- D. Pulmonary function testing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Postural drainage is part of all treatment plans for bronchiectasis, because draining of the bronchiectatic areas by gravity reduces the amount of secretions and the degree of infection. Diuretics and IV fluids will not aid in the mobilization of secretions. Lung function testing may be indicated, but this assessment will not relieve the patients symptoms.