Nokea
A nursing student is assigned to care for a client who requires a total bed bath. When the student explains to the client that she is going to gather supplies to administer the bath, the client states, 'I don't want a bath. I've been up all night, and I'm clean enough.' The student reports the client's refusal to the nurse. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. Telling the nursing student to persuade the client to have a bath so that the evening shift staff will not have to do it
- B. Telling the nursing student to allow the client to rest
- C. Telling the client that the refusal of care will be informed to the health care provider
- D. Telling the nursing student to give the client the bath anyway
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client has the right to refuse a treatment or procedure, and if the client does refuse, the nurse must respect the client's decision. Therefore, the nurse would allow the client to rest. Persuading the client to have a bath and giving the bath anyway are both inappropriate as they violate the client's rights. Informing the health care provider of the refusal of care can be discussed with the client if needed, but the immediate action should be to respect the client's wishes and allow them to rest.
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A nurse is taking a morning break with the unit secretary in the nurses' lounge. The unit secretary says to the nurse, 'I read in Mr. Gage's medical record that he has gonorrhea.' How should the nurse respond to the secretary?
- A. Yes, he does, but be sure not to discuss this with anyone else.
- B. Yes, that's why we've imposed contact precautions.
- C. We can't discuss a client's medical condition.
- D. Oh, really? I didn't see that!
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A client's medical condition is confidential and should never be discussed with anyone other than the client and the client's healthcare provider. Therefore, the nurse must tell the unit secretary that the client's condition is not to be discussed. Choices A and B confirm the client's disease, which is inappropriate as it breaches patient confidentiality. Choice D promotes further discussion of the client's condition, which is also inappropriate. The correct response is to firmly state, 'We can't discuss a client's medical condition,' to uphold patient privacy and confidentiality.
A nurse is planning to administer an oral antibiotic to a client with a communicable disease. The client refuses the medication and tells the nurse that the medication causes abdominal cramping. The nurse responds, 'The medication is needed to prevent the spread of infection, and if you don't take it orally I will have to give it to you in an intramuscular injection.' Which statement accurately describes the nurse's response to the client?
- A. The nurse is justified in administering the medication by way of the intramuscular route because the client has a communicable disease.
- B. The nurse could be charged with assault.
- C. Assault is an intentional threat to bring about harmful or offensive contact. If a nurse threatens to give a client a medication that the client refuses or threatens to give a client an injection without the client's consent, the nurse may be charged with assault. Therefore, the nurse is not justified in administering the medication. Battery is any intentional touching without the client's consent.
- D. The nurse will be justified in administering the medication by the intramuscular route once a prescription has been obtained from the health care provider.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer explains the concept of assault, which is an intentional threat to bring about harmful or offensive contact. In the scenario provided, the nurse's statement about administering the medication via an intramuscular injection without the client's consent constitutes a threat, potentially falling under the definition of assault. Choice A is incorrect because the nurse's action is not automatically justified solely by the client having a communicable disease. Choice D is also incorrect because even with a prescription, the nurse cannot administer the medication without the client's consent. Choice C provides a detailed explanation distinguishing assault from battery, which helps in understanding the legal implications of the nurse's response in this situation.
What type of injury is associated with acute hyphema?
- A. orthopedic
- B. eye
- C. insect sting or snakebite
- D. gynecological trauma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute hyphema is associated with an eye injury, typically resulting from blunt trauma. The presence of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye causes a half-moon appearance or a horizontal line across the globe when the client is upright. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because acute hyphema is not related to orthopedic injuries, insect stings, snakebites, or gynecological trauma.
An LPN is having a conflict with another nurse during her shift. She has tried to discuss the issues with the nurse with no resolution. What is the most appropriate way for the LPN to proceed?
- A. Report the conflict to the director of nursing over the unit.
- B. Report the conflict to the assigned charge nurse of the unit.
- C. Report the conflict to the nurse manager of the unit.
- D. Discuss the conflict with the other nurse to attempt resolution of the issue.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the most appropriate way for the LPN to proceed is to report the conflict to the assigned charge nurse of the unit. Following the chain of command is crucial in a professional setting to address conflicts effectively. Reporting the issue to the charge nurse, who is the immediate supervisor, allows for a structured approach to resolving the conflict. Reporting directly to higher levels such as the director of nursing or nurse manager may bypass the appropriate hierarchy and could create unnecessary tension. Attempting to resolve the issue independently with the other nurse may not be effective if previous attempts have failed, making it essential to involve the immediate supervisor.
The LPN needs to delegate a task to the nurse aide who is new to the unit. Which of these is the best option for the nurse to choose in proceeding?
- A. Delegate the task to the nurse aide, confirm understanding, and follow up to ensure the task was safely and correctly done.
- B. Delegate the task to the nurse aide, watch them perform the task without them seeing you, and follow up to ensure the task was done safely and accurately.
- C. Delegate the task to the nurse aide, supervise if needed, and check in after the task to see if help is needed.
- D. Delegate the task to the nurse aide, ensure understanding of the task, and supervise the task being performed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Delegation is transferring responsibility for a task but sharing its accountability. It is the delegator's responsibility to ensure that the delegatee understands the task before it is performed and to follow up afterward to ensure it was completed correctly and safely. Option B is the best choice because it allows the nurse to observe the nurse aide performing the task without pressure, which can provide insights into the aide's abilities and understanding. This method also allows for immediate feedback and correction if needed.
Choice A is incorrect because confirming understanding alone may not provide a complete picture of the aide's competence in performing the task. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests supervising only if needed, which may not provide adequate oversight for a new nurse aide. Choice D is incorrect because supervising the task being performed does not allow for an objective assessment of the aide's abilities and understanding.