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A nursing student is assigned to care for a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. When talking about this patient in a clinical postconference, the student would use which terminology when referring to the patient?
- A. Committed patient
- B. Schizophrenic
- C. Schizophrenic patient
- D. Person with schizophrenia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Person with schizophrenia. This terminology is person-first language, emphasizing the individual over the condition. It is respectful, person-centered, and reduces stigma. Using terms like "schizophrenic" (B), "schizophrenic patient" (C), or "committed patient" (A) can be dehumanizing, label-focused, and perpetuate negative stereotypes. It is important to always prioritize personhood and dignity when referring to individuals with mental health conditions.
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A nurse is working on developing ways to meet the challenge of knowledge development. Which of the following would be most appropriate?
- A. Access new information through continuing education programs.
- B. Improve access to community psychiatric care for all populations.
- C. Reduce the burden of mental illness by fighting stigma.
- D. Provide culturally competent, high-quality nursing care.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because continuing education programs help nurses stay updated with the latest evidence-based practices and advancements in healthcare. This enables them to enhance their knowledge and skills, ultimately improving patient care outcomes. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on access to care rather than knowledge development. Choice C is incorrect because fighting stigma, while important, does not directly relate to knowledge development. Choice D is incorrect as it pertains to providing care rather than developing knowledge. Therefore, the most appropriate way for the nurse to meet the challenge of knowledge development is through accessing new information via continuing education programs.
A group of nursing students are reviewing the various theories that form the basis for psychiatric-mental health nursing. The students demonstrate understanding of these theories when they identify which theorist as addressing female development? Select all that apply.
- A. Maslow
- B. Gilligan
- C. Bandura
- D. Miller
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gilligan. Carol Gilligan is known for her work on female development, particularly in contrast to the male-focused theories of development by theorists like Kohlberg. Gilligan emphasized the importance of relationships, care, and compassion in moral development, which are often more central to female experiences. Maslow's hierarchy of needs (A) is a general theory of motivation, not specific to female development. Bandura (C) is known for social learning theory, which applies to all genders. Miller (D) is not a theorist associated with female development. In this context, Gilligan stands out as the theorist most directly addressing female development.
An instructor is preparing a class discussion on the various theoretical models used in psychiatric-mental health nursing. When describing cognitive theories, which statement would the instructor include?
- A. `The theories attempt to explain the mental processes development and effects on behavior.
- B. `The theories attempt to describe how people learn and act.
- C. `The theories attempt to link internal thought processes with behavior.
- D. `The theories attempt to explain normal human growth and development.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: `The theories attempt to link internal thought processes with behavior. Cognitive theories in psychiatric-mental health nursing focus on how internal thought processes, such as perceptions, beliefs, and interpretations, influence behavior. They emphasize the role of cognition in shaping emotions and actions. This statement accurately reflects the core focus of cognitive theories.
Choice A is incorrect because it refers more to psychological theories that explain mental processes' development and effects on behavior in general, not specifically focusing on cognitive processes. Choice B is incorrect as it describes behavioral theories that emphasize learning and actions rather than internal thought processes. Choice D is incorrect as it pertains to developmental theories that explain normal human growth and maturation, not specifically cognitive processes and behavior.
After teaching a class of nursing students about the rights of persons receiving mental health services, the instructor determines a need for additional instruction when the students identify which of the following as a right?
- A. Freedom from restraints or seclusion
- B. Access to one’s own mental health records on request
- C. An individualized written treatment plan
- D. Refuse treatment during an emergency situation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the right to refuse treatment during an emergency situation is not an absolute right for persons receiving mental health services. In emergency situations where a person's life or safety is at risk, healthcare providers may need to provide treatment even if the individual refuses. This is done to ensure the person's immediate safety and well-being. It is essential for healthcare providers to act in the best interest of the individual in emergency situations.
A: Freedom from restraints or seclusion is a right as it promotes dignity and autonomy.
B: Access to one's own mental health records on request is a right that promotes transparency and informed decision-making.
C: An individualized written treatment plan is a right to ensure personalized and effective care.
A psychiatric-mental health nurse working in a Veteran’s Administration Medical Center is meeting with a military wife who is an Asian American. The woman is to be joining a support group for wives of veterans who have posttraumatic stress syndrome. When asking her to describe her husband’s mental health problems, which response would the nurse most likely expect?
- A. `Oh, he may seem depressed, but it is just a vitamin deficiency. It runs in his family.
- B. `I know the war messed his mind up. He’ll never be the same.
- C. `Sometimes he hallucinates that he is back in Vietnam.
- D. `He just stays to himself; he never talks to me about what is bothering him.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it indicates potential symptoms of posttraumatic stress syndrome (PTSD), such as avoidance of discussing traumatic events and social withdrawal. This response suggests the husband may be experiencing emotional distress and difficulty communicating about his problems. Choices A, B, and C do not specifically address the key features of PTSD and may indicate misunderstandings or oversimplifications of mental health issues. Choice A attributes symptoms to a vitamin deficiency, which is not typically associated with PTSD. Choice B implies a permanent and hopeless outlook on the husband's mental health, which may not be accurate. Choice C mentions hallucinations, which are not a common symptom of PTSD but rather may be associated with other psychiatric conditions.