Nokea
A occurs when the body encapsulates the autodigestive debris in the pancreatic tissue, frequently becoming an abscess.
Correct Answer: pseudocyst
Rationale: A pseudocyst occurs when the body encapsulates the autodigestive debris in the pancreatic tissue.
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The nurse is monitoring which laboratory results that are most closely associated with cirrhosis?
- A. Decreased ammonia levels
- B. Decreased glucose levels
- C. Prolonged prothrombin times
- D. Increased cholesterol levels
- E. Decreased total protein levels
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: When caring for a patient with cirrhosis, the nurse will most likely note decreased glucose levels, prolonged prothrombin times and decreased total protein levels. The ammonia levels are increased with cirrhosis, and cholesterol levels decrease.
Which is a by-product of protein metabolism?
- A. Urine
- B. Protease
- C. Amylase
- D. Ammonia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Protein products enter the bloodstream and are changed in the bowel to ammonia; the products then pass through the portal vein to the liver where the ammonia is converted to urea, which is then excreted by the kidneys.
Which will the nurse point out as a significant advantage of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
- A. Slightly more invasive, but there is less pain
- B. Can be performed on all patients of any age
- C. Can be performed even when there are large stones present in the bile duct
- D. Less invasive procedure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The laparoscopic cholecystectomy is less invasive and causes less pain and a quick recovery. If there are large stones present, a sphincterotomy is done before the laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Persons with bleeding tendencies, pathologic conditions of the abdomen, stones in the bile duct, and extensive adhesions are not good candidates.
Hepatitis D is usually seen as a coinfection with
Correct Answer: hepatitis B
Rationale: Hepatitis D is usually seen as a coinfection with hepatitis B.
A patient with a T tube for an open cholecystectomy has resumed oral intake. The T tube is clamped 2 hours before meals and unclamped 2 hours after meals to aid in the digestion of fat. During the time the tube is clamped the patient complains of abdominal pain and nausea. Which intervention is most appropriate?
- A. Notify the health care provider.
- B. Unclamp the tube immediately.
- C. Increase the IV fluids.
- D. Change the T-tube dressing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While the tube is clamped, the patient may show signs of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, etc. Unclamp the tube immediately to allow for drainage and relief of both nausea and pain.