Nokea
A one year old child is brought to pediatric out patient clinic with a three day history of diarrhea and vomiting. What is the first step in your plan of management for the next 24 hours?
- A. Administer IV fluids at 20 mL/kg bolus
- B. Start oral rehydration therapy (ORT)
- C. Prescribe antibiotics
- D. Monitor blood glucose levels
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For severe dehydration, initial management includes rapid IV fluid resuscitation with a 20 mL/kg bolus of normal saline or Ringer’s lactate to restore circulation.
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The nurse leads an adolescent health information group, which often expands into other areas of discussion. She knows that these youths are trying to find out 'who they are,' and discussion often focuses on which directions they want to take in school and life, as well as peer relationships. According to Erikson, this stage is known as:
- A. Identity vs. role confusion.
- B. Adolescent rebellion.
- C. Career experimentation.
- D. Relationship testing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erikson’s stage of 'Identity vs. Role Confusion' occurs during adolescence, where individuals explore their sense of self, roles, and future directions, aligning with the group’s focus on identity, school, life, and peer relationships.
A mother of a 2 year old has just left the hospital to check on her other children. Which of the following would best help the 2 year old who is now crying inconsolably?
- A. Taking a nap
- B. Peer play group
- C. Large cuddly dog
- D. Favorite blanket
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A favorite blanket provides comfort and security, reducing separation anxiety.
A two month old infant is brought to the clinic for the first immunization against DPT. The nurse should administer the vaccine via what route?
- A. Oral.
- B. Intramuscular
- C. Subcutaneous
- D. Intradermal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The DPT vaccine is administered intramuscularly for effective absorption.
The mother tells the nurse that the child is continually telling jokes and riddles to the point of driving the other family members crazy. The nurse should explain that this behavior is a sign of...
- A. Inadequately parental attention
- B. Mastery of language ambiguities
- C. Inappropriate peer influence
- D. Excessive television watching
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Telling jokes and riddles reflects a school-age child's mastery of language ambiguities.
What was the result of research done in the 1930s by the Childrens Bureau?
- A. Children with heart problems are now cared for by pediatric cardiologists.
- B. The Child Abuse and Prevention Act was passed.
- C. Hot lunch programs were established in many schools.
- D. Childrens asylums were founded.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: School hot lunch programs were developed as a result of research by the Childrens Bureau on the effects of economic depression on children.