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A parent of a 10-year-old client, newly diagnosed with diabetes, expresses concern that the child will not follow through with the diabetic regimen. The nurse suggests developing a calendar of daily requirements with a weekly prize for completion. Which type of power is the nurse suggesting the parent use?
- A. Coercive power
- B. Expert power
- C. Legitimate power
- D. Reward power
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reward power is using rewards and favors to obtain a particular action. In this case, the parent rewards the child when the child completes the prescribed diabetic regimen. Coercive power is when a threat or punishment is used to meet expectations. Expert power results from the respected knowledge in a particular situation. It could be said that parents exert legitimate power through their position as caregivers; however, in this case, the parent is providing a reward for the child completing the daily tasks.
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The licensed practical nurse (LPN) and other nursing staff on a rehabilitation unit are meeting to discuss an assigned client's progress. This is an example of which function?
- A. Time management
- B. Collaboration
- C. Advocacy
- D. Resource management
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Collaboration involves a team effort to achieve client care outcomes. Time management involves organizing time, delegating tasks to other personnel, and optimizing available time. Advocacy is a means of promoting the cause of another person or organization. Resource management means using resources, which include money, supplies, equipment, buildings, and personnel, optimally.
An LPN, serving as team leader to a team consisting of LPNs and nursing assistants, is making client assignments. Which client situation should prompt the team leader to use acuity measures to reduce an LPN's assignment?
- A. A client who demonstrates oxygen desaturation with minimal exertion
- B. A client with dementia who is combative during medication administration
- C. A client who requires the assistance of two for ambulation
- D. A client who requires several intravenous antibiotics to treat a septic infection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acuity refers to the severity of the illness and the rapidity of change in the client, and thus the intensity of medical and nursing care and other therapies required. A client who desaturates with minimal exertion is at risk for respiratory compromise and respiratory arrest. This will require careful and frequent assessment that will limit the time the nurse will have for other client interactions. Dementia is a chronic condition making daily activities such as medication administration, but it does not require the frequent assessment that the client who demonstrates oxygen desaturation requires. The client who requires assistance with ambulation also is not at risk for severe complications like the client with oxygen desaturation. A client with multiple intravenous antibiotics should improve as treatment progresses and does not require the level of assessment and care that the client with oxygen desaturation will require.
A new client charting system is in the education phase at a healthcare facility. Much discussion has been prompted regarding the new system. With which statement does the nurse best exhibit the integrated leader/manager traits?
- A. Let's look at the daily benefits of using the new technology on the clinical unit.'
- B. I am not used to the new technology, but if it better serves the client and enables easy sharing of client authorized records, I see a benefit.'
- C. New technology may be costly up front but will serve us well in the future.'
- D. I do not believe that this technology will be helpful in caring for a client because it often is down during peak use times and is difficult to train for.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The traits of an integrated leader/manager combine understanding the daily operations on a clinical unit while seeing the big picture, thinking in the long term, and embracing change. Better serving the client and sharing records as needed demonstrates the willingness to think positively and take risks on improvement for the future. Focusing only on the daily benefits or only on the future impact of using the new technology each only look at one aspect of leadership and management. Stating that the new technology will not be helpful in client care is a negative statement and does not show that the manager is able to embrace change.
Which of the following is the perceived advantage of authoritarian leadership styles?
- A. Staff members are invested in management's goals.
- B. Decisions are made without any input from staff.
- C. Communication is limited to memos.
- D. Decisions may not occur on time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the authoritarian leadership style, the lines of authority and policies are clear, and communication is directive and flows downward. In addition, decisions are made quickly, and staff members are not invested in management's goals.
The nurse is caring for pediatric clients on an oncology unit. The unit is experiencing a renovation, and the nurse manager is requesting suggestions for placement of the nurse's station with the goal of close pediatric client access. Which type of leadership style is the nurse manager employing?
- A. Political leadership style
- B. Democratic leadership style
- C. Laissez-faire leadership style
- D. Authoritarian leadership style
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a manager uses the democratic leadership style, the manager welcomes participation in decision making with a goal of consensus and teamwork. Political leadership is not a nursing leadership style. Laissez-faire leadership is a leadership style that involves little structure and guidance. Authoritarian leadership is a leadership style in which the manager has strong control over the work group.