ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B

ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B Related

Review ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B related questions and content

A parent of an infant with gastroesophageal reflux asks how to decrease the number and total volume of emesis. What recommendation should the nurse include in teaching this parent?

  • A. Surgical therapy is indicated.
  • B. Place the infant in a prone position for sleep after feeding.
  • C. Thicken feedings and enlarge the nipple hole.
  • D. Reduce the frequency of feeding by encouraging larger volumes of formula.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct recommendation for decreasing the number and total volume of emesis in an infant with gastroesophageal reflux is to thicken feedings and enlarge the nipple hole. Thicker feedings can reduce the frequency and volume of emesis by making the food less likely to be regurgitated. Enlarging the nipple hole helps ensure the thickened feedings can pass through. Surgical therapy (Choice A) is not the initial recommendation for managing gastroesophageal reflux in infants. Placing the infant in a prone position for sleep after feeding (Choice B) is not recommended due to the increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Reducing the frequency of feeding by encouraging larger volumes of formula (Choice D) can exacerbate the reflux symptoms.

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Which vaccine is contraindicated in a child with a history of severe egg allergy?

  • A. MMR
  • B. Varicella
  • C. Influenza
  • D. Hepatitis B
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Influenza. The influenza vaccine is produced using egg-based technology, so individuals with a severe egg allergy are at risk of an allergic reaction if vaccinated with the influenza vaccine. This is due to the potential presence of egg proteins in the vaccine. Choices A, B, and D are not contraindicated in children with severe egg allergy. The MMR and Varicella vaccines do not pose a risk for children with egg allergies, and the Hepatitis B vaccine is also safe for these individuals.

The child is admitted with acute abdominal pain and possible appendicitis. What intervention is appropriate to relieve the abdominal discomfort during the evaluation?

  • A. Place the child in the Trendelenburg position.
  • B. Apply moist heat to the abdomen.
  • C. Allow the child to assume a position of comfort.
  • D. Administer a saline enema to cleanse the bowel.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Allowing the child to assume a position of comfort is appropriate as it helps alleviate discomfort without the risk of complications. Placing the child in the Trendelenburg position could increase intra-abdominal pressure and worsen the condition. Applying moist heat may lead to vasodilation and potential perforation in case of appendicitis. Administering a saline enema can be harmful if the appendix is inflamed or perforated.

The school nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about avoiding contaminated water during a mission trip. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

  • A. Ice
  • B. All are applicable
  • C. Raw vegetables
  • D. Unpeeled fruits
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: All are applicable. Ice, raw vegetables, and unpeeled fruits can be sources of contamination in areas where water purity is questionable. It's safer to avoid these during a mission trip to prevent waterborne illnesses. Choice A (Ice), C (Raw vegetables), and D (Unpeeled fruits) are all potential sources of contamination in areas with questionable water quality. Including all these items in the teaching will help adolescents make informed decisions to stay healthy during their mission trip.

Which immunization is recommended for all newborns?

  • A. Hepatitis A vaccine
  • B. Hepatitis B vaccine
  • C. Hepatitis C vaccine
  • D. Hepatitis A, B, and C vaccines
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, the Hepatitis B vaccine. This vaccine is recommended for all newborns to prevent Hepatitis B infection, which can lead to chronic liver disease and liver cancer. The Hepatitis B vaccine is a crucial part of the routine immunization schedule for infants. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the recommended vaccine for newborns is specifically Hepatitis B, not Hepatitis A, Hepatitis C, or a combination of Hepatitis A, B, and C vaccines.

What is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children with cystic fibrosis?

  • A. Respiratory infections
  • B. Malnutrition
  • C. Diabetes
  • D. Liver disease
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Respiratory infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children with cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis primarily affects the respiratory system, leading to thick mucus buildup in the lungs, which predisposes these children to recurrent respiratory infections. Malnutrition and diabetes are common comorbidities in cystic fibrosis but are not the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in affected children. Liver disease can occur in cystic fibrosis but is less common than respiratory complications.

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