Nokea
A patient admitted to the ICU develops acute myocardial infarction (MI) with ST-segment elevation on electrocardiogram (ECG). What intervention should the healthcare team prioritize to manage the patient's MI?
- A. Perform emergent coronary angiography for revascularization.
- B. Administer fibrinolytic therapy to restore coronary blood flow.
- C. Implement strict bed rest to minimize cardiac workload.
- D. Recommend beta-blocker medications to reduce myocardial oxygen demand.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a patient with acute myocardial infarction (MI) presenting with ST-segment elevation on ECG, the healthcare team should prioritize performing emergent coronary angiography for revascularization. This intervention, also known as primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), involves opening up the blocked coronary artery responsible for the MI. Timely reperfusion of the affected artery is crucial in reducing myocardial damage and improving outcomes in acute MI patients. PCI is considered the preferred method for revascularization in patients with ST-segment elevation MI, as it has been shown to be more effective and associated with better outcomes compared to fibrinolytic therapy.
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A postpartum client exhibits signs of wound infection, including erythema, warmth, and purulent drainage from a cesarean incision. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
- A. Applying a sterile dressing to the incision
- B. Irrigating the wound with saline solution
- C. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately
- D. Administering oral antibiotics as prescribed
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a postpartum client exhibits signs of wound infection, such as erythema, warmth, and purulent drainage from a cesarean incision, it is essential to notify the healthcare provider immediately. Wound infections can lead to serious complications if not promptly addressed. The healthcare provider will assess the infection, possibly order further diagnostic tests, and determine the appropriate course of treatment, which may include antibiotics or additional wound care measures. Applying a dressing or irrigating the wound may be part of the treatment plan prescribed by the healthcare provider, but the first step is always to seek guidance from the provider.
Nurse Juvy's assessment reveals the following: Heart Rate is 110 beats per minute, has a vigorous cry, moves actively and with good flexion, normal skin color and bluish extremities. What would be thd APGAR score of Baby Sharon?
- A. 7 Points
- B. 5 Points
- C. 10 Points
- D. 9 Points
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Baby Sharon's APGAR score can be determined by assessing five criteria: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color. Each criteria is given a score of 0, 1, or 2 points, with 2 being the highest score.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of dendritic cells in the immune response?
- A. Dendritic cells directly kill infected cells and tumor cells.
- B. Dendritic cells produce antibodies against pathogens.
- C. Dendritic cells activate na(cid:239)ve T cells and initiate adaptive immune responses.
- D. Dendritic cells release histamine and other inflammatory mediators.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dendritic cells play a critical role in initiating adaptive immune responses by capturing antigens from pathogens, migrating to lymphoid organs, and presenting these antigens to naïve T cells. This activation of naïve T cells by dendritic cells is essential for the adaptive immune system to generate specific immune responses against pathogens. Dendritic cells act as professional antigen-presenting cells, which are specialized to capture, process, and present antigens to T cells, thereby facilitating the activation of T cells and the coordination of adaptive immune responses, such as the production of specific antibodies and the generation of memory T cells.
When Nurse Ace suubitted a report to the physician that she committed an error in medication. This is an example of
- A. Responsibility
- B. Commitment
- C. Accountability
- D. Delegation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurse Ace submitting a report to the physician about committing an error in medication demonstrates accountability. Accountability in healthcare refers to the responsibility of individuals to answer for their actions, decisions, and behaviors in the professional setting. By taking ownership of the mistake and informing the physician, Nurse Ace is showing accountability for her actions, ensuring that patient safety remains a priority. Compliance with reporting errors is essential for quality improvement and patient safety in healthcare settings.
A patient with a displaced femoral neck fracture is scheduled for surgical intervention. Which surgical procedure is most appropriate for this type of fracture?
- A. Closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF)
- B. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)
- C. Closed reduction and external fixation (CREF)
- D. Closed reduction alone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a displaced femoral neck fracture, the most appropriate surgical procedure is usually an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). This procedure involves making an incision to reposition the fractured bone fragments and securing them in place with screws or other fixation devices. ORIF allows for better alignment of the fracture, which is crucial for proper healing and minimizing the risk of complications like avascular necrosis or nonunion. Closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF) may not be as effective for displaced femoral neck fractures due to the complex nature of the fracture and the need for precise realignment and stability provided by an open surgical approach. External fixation is less commonly used for femoral neck fractures and is typically reserved for certain specific cases where internal fixation is not feasible. Closed reduction alone is unlikely to provide adequate stability for a displaced femoral neck fracture and is generally not recommended as the primary surgical treatment for this type of injury.