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A patient develops a foodborne disease fromEscherichiacoli. When taking a health history, which food item will the nursemostlikely find the patient ingested?
- A. Improperly home-canned food
- B. Undercooked ground beef
- C. Soft cheese
- D. Custard
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Undercooked ground beef. Escherichia coli is commonly found in undercooked ground beef, especially if it is contaminated during processing. Ground beef must be cooked to a safe internal temperature to kill any harmful bacteria. Improperly home-canned food (choice A) can also cause foodborne illnesses, but E. coli is more commonly associated with undercooked ground beef. Soft cheese (choice C) is often linked to Listeria contamination, not E. coli. Custard (choice D) is a less likely source of E. coli compared to undercooked ground beef.
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A 27-year-old female patient is diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer and is told she needs to have a hysterectomy. One of the nursing diagnoses for this patient is disturbed body image related to perception of femininity. What intervention would be most appropriate for this patient?
- A. Reassure the patient that she will still be able to have children.
- B. Reassure the patient that she does not have to have sex to be feminine.
- C. Reassure the patient that you know how she is feeling and that you feel her anxiety and pain.
- D. Reassure the patient that she will still be able to have intercourse with sexual satisfaction and orgasm.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reassure the patient that she does not have to have sex to be feminine.
Rationale:
1. Acknowledges patient's feelings: By reassuring the patient that she does not have to have sex to be feminine, the nurse validates the patient's emotions and concerns.
2. Addresses societal norms: This intervention challenges societal stereotypes that equate femininity solely with reproductive capabilities.
3. Promotes self-acceptance: Encouraging the patient to embrace her femininity beyond physical aspects fosters self-acceptance and self-worth.
4. Supports holistic care: Recognizing the multifaceted nature of femininity shows a holistic approach to addressing the patient's body image issues.
Summary:
A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the patient's specific concerns about her body image and femininity. Choice B is the most appropriate intervention as it validates the patient's feelings and challenges societal norms, promoting self-acceptance and holistic care
The nurse learns about cultural issues involvedin the patient’s health care belief system and enables patients and families to achieve meaningful and supportive care. Which concept is the nurse demonstrating?
- A. Marginalized groups
- B. Health care disparity
- C. Transcultural nursing
- D. Culturally congruent care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Culturally congruent care. This concept refers to providing care that aligns with the patient's cultural beliefs and practices. By learning about cultural issues and enabling patients to receive care that is meaningful and supportive within their cultural context, the nurse is demonstrating culturally congruent care.
A: Marginalized groups - This refers to groups in society who are disadvantaged and face discrimination. While understanding cultural issues may be important when caring for marginalized groups, it is not the main concept demonstrated in this scenario.
B: Health care disparity - This refers to differences in access to healthcare and health outcomes among different populations. While cultural competence can help address healthcare disparities, it is not the concept being demonstrated here.
C: Transcultural nursing - This refers to providing care across different cultures. While related, it does not specifically address the nurse's role in understanding and enabling culturally appropriate care for individual patients and families.
A patient who was diagnosed with Parkinsons disease several months ago recently began treatment with levodopa-carbidopa. The patient and his family are excited that he has experienced significant symptom relief. The nurse should be aware of what implication of the patients medication regimen?
- A. The patient is in a honeymoon period when adverse effects of levodopa-carbidopa are not yet evident.
- B. Benefits of levodopa-carbidopa do not peak until 6 to 9 months after the initiation of treatment.
- C. The patients temporary improvement in status is likely unrelated to levodopa-carbidopa.
- D. Benefits of levodopa-carbidopa often diminish after 1 or 2 years of treatment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The patient is in a honeymoon period when adverse effects of levodopa-carbidopa are not yet evident. This is because the initial response to levodopa-carbidopa in Parkinson's disease can be very positive, leading to significant symptom relief. However, over time, as the disease progresses and the body adjusts to the medication, adverse effects such as dyskinesias may become more prominent.
Choice B is incorrect because the benefits of levodopa-carbidopa can be seen relatively soon after initiation of treatment and do not necessarily take 6 to 9 months to peak. Choice C is incorrect as the temporary improvement is likely related to the medication, given the significant symptom relief experienced. Choice D is incorrect because while benefits may diminish over time, it is not necessarily after 1 or 2 years of treatment, and some patients may continue to benefit from the medication long-term.
A man comes to the clinic complaining that he is having difficulty obtaining an erection. When reviewing the patients history, what might the nurse note that contributes to erectile dysfunction?
- A. The patient has been treated for a UTI twice in the past year.
- B. The patient has a history of hypertension.
- C. The patient is 66 years old.
- D. The patient leads a sedentary lifestyle.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The patient has a history of hypertension. Hypertension is a risk factor for erectile dysfunction as it can lead to reduced blood flow to the penis, impacting the ability to achieve and maintain an erection. High blood pressure can damage blood vessels and affect the circulation necessary for an erection. Other choices are less likely to directly contribute to erectile dysfunction. A: UTI treatment is not typically associated with erectile dysfunction. C: Age alone is not a direct cause of erectile dysfunction, although it can increase the risk. D: While a sedentary lifestyle can impact overall health, it is less likely to directly cause erectile dysfunction compared to hypertension.
A nurse has included the nursing diagnosis of Risk for Latex Allergy Response in a patients plan of care. The presence of what chronic health problem would most likely prompt this diagnosis?
- A. Herpes simplex
- B. HIV
- C. Spina bifida
- D. Hypogammaglobulinemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypogammaglobulinemia. This chronic health problem predisposes individuals to latex allergies due to reduced levels of immunoglobulins, increasing susceptibility to allergic reactions. Latex contains proteins that can trigger immune responses in individuals with compromised immune systems.
Choice A: Herpes simplex is a viral infection and does not directly relate to latex allergies.
Choice B: HIV weakens the immune system but is not specifically associated with latex allergies.
Choice C: Spina bifida is a congenital condition affecting the spinal cord and does not directly impact the likelihood of latex allergies.