Nokea
A patient develops red eyes 2 days after an episode of malaria probable cause is:
- A. Conjunctivitis
- B. Anterior uveitis
- C. Viral keratitis
- D. Endophthalmitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Red eyes post-malaria suggest an ocular complication. Conjunctivitis (choice A) causes redness but isn't typically linked to malaria unless secondary infection occurs. Anterior uveitis (choice B), inflammation of the iris and ciliary body, is a rare but documented malaria sequel, possibly from immune response or parasite-related damage, presenting with redness, pain, and photophobia. Viral keratitis (choice C) affects the cornea and is unrelated to malaria. Endophthalmitis (choice D), a severe intraocular infection, is unlikely without trauma or surgery. B is correct, as anterior uveitis aligns with malaria's systemic inflammatory effects. Nurses should assess eye symptoms, refer to ophthalmology, and manage pain, preventing vision loss in such cases.
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Which of the following statement is NOT true about cultural competence in nursing?
- A. Respects diversity
- B. Improves care
- C. Forces assimilation
- D. Adapts to patient needs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cultural competence respects diversity (A), improves care (B), adapts (D) 'forces assimilation' (C) isn't true, opposes respect, per standards. C's coercion contradicts competence, like with Mr. Gary's beliefs, making it untrue.
Roger has been seen agitated, shouting and running. As Nurse Aida approaches, he shouts and swear, calling Aida names. Nurse Aida told Roger 'That is an unacceptable behavior Roger, Stop and go to your room now.' The situation is most likely in what phase of NPR?
- A. Pre Orientation
- B. Orientation
- C. Working
- D. Termination
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This scenario fits the Working phase (C). Roger's agitation and Aida's response setting boundaries suggest an established relationship where interventions address behaviors. Pre-Orientation (A) is pre-contact, Orientation (B) builds trust, not confrontation, and Termination (D) ends care. In Peplau's Working phase, the nurse actively helps the client manage issues, as Aida does here, making C the likely phase.
A framework for health assessment that evaluates the effects of stressors to the mind, body and environment in relation with the ability of the client to perform ADL.
- A. Functional health framework
- B. Head to toe framework
- C. Body system framework
- D. Cephalocaudal framework
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Functional health framework (A) assesses stressors on mind, body, and environment re: ADLs, per Gordon's model. Head-to-toe (B), body system (C), and cephalocaudal (D) focus physical order, not function. A matches description, making it correct.
The parents of a healthy 6-year-old ask the nurse for advice about preventing obesity in their child. Which response reflects health promotion?
- A. Limit screen time and encourage outdoor play.'
- B. Weigh your child monthly to monitor for weight gain.'
- C. Give your child a multivitamin daily to prevent obesity.'
- D. Have your child's cholesterol checked annually.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For a healthy 6-year-old, health promotion prevents obesity by fostering active habits limiting screen time and encouraging outdoor play boosts physical activity, burning calories and building muscle, key to avoiding weight gain at this age. Evidence links sedentary screen hours to childhood obesity; play counters it, aligning with nursing's focus on lifestyle over surveillance. Monthly weighing is secondary, tracking not preventing, and may stress the child. Multivitamins don't prevent obesity caloric balance does while annual cholesterol checks detect, not avert, issues. The nurse's reply promotes wellness through fun, practical steps like biking or tag tailored to a child's energy, ensuring long-term health without medicalizing a well kid, a cornerstone of pediatric nursing's preventive approach.
You are the nurse working with an elderly, competent client who refuses a vitamin B injection ordered by the physician. The family insists that this injection be given, and you give it while the client is objecting. Even though the client improves, the client contacts a lawyer. From your knowledge of nursing and the law, you realize that you:
- A. did the right thing because the client improved.
- B. should have had the family put their request in writing.
- C. have commited an assault against the client.
- D. have committed an act of battery against the client.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Administering a vitamin B injection to a competent client who refuses it, despite family insistence and subsequent improvement, constitutes battery. Battery is the unlawful physical contact with a person without consent, and in healthcare, consent is a fundamental right for competent adults. The client's objection overrides family wishes, and giving the injection violates autonomy, a core ethical principle. The outcome of improvement doesn't justify the action legally or ethically. Assault involves threatening harm, whereas battery is the act itself, making this the correct classification. Getting family requests in writing or focusing on the outcome doesn't negate the lack of consent. This scenario underscores the importance of respecting patient rights and the legal consequences of disregarding them, even with good intentions.