foundation of nursing questions

foundation of nursing questions Related

Review foundation of nursing questions related questions and content

A patient got a sliver of glass in his eye when a glass container at work fell and shattered. The glass had to be surgically removed and the patient is about to be discharged home. The patient asks the nurse for a topical anesthetic for the pain in his eye. What should the nurse respond?

  • A. Overuse of these drops could soften your cornea and damage your eye.
  • B. You could lose the peripheral vision in your eye if you used these drops too much.
  • C. Im sorry, this medication is considered a controlled substance and patients cannot take it home.
  • D. I know these drops will make your eye feel better, but I cant let you take them home.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Overuse of topical anesthetics can soften the cornea and damage the eye. Topical anesthetics numb the eye, masking pain and potentially leading to overuse. This can prevent the patient from recognizing potential issues like infection or further injury. Additionally, prolonged use can interfere with the cornea's ability to heal properly. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the specific risks associated with using topical anesthetics in the eye. Option B focuses on peripheral vision loss, which is not a direct consequence of using topical anesthetics. Choice C mentions controlled substances, which is not relevant to the situation. Option D acknowledges the patient's request but does not educate the patient on the potential harm of overusing topical anesthetics.

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A patient, brought to the clinic by his wife and son, is diagnosed with Huntington disease. When providing anticipatory guidance, the nurse should address the future possibility of what effect of Huntington disease?

  • A. Metastasis
  • B. Risk for stroke
  • C. Emotional and personality changes
  • D. Pathologic bone fractures
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Emotional and personality changes. In Huntington disease, neurodegeneration affects the brain, leading to changes in behavior, emotions, and personality. These changes are characteristic of the disease progression. Metastasis (A) refers to the spread of cancer, which is not associated with Huntington disease. Risk for stroke (B) is not a typical manifestation of Huntington disease. Pathologic bone fractures (D) are not directly related to the primary symptoms of Huntington disease. Thus, addressing emotional and personality changes is crucial in providing anticipatory guidance for individuals with Huntington disease.

Which major neonatal complication is carefully monitored after the birth of the infant of a diabetic mother?

  • A. Hypoglycemia
  • B. Hypercalcemia
  • C. Hypoinsulinemia
  • D. Hypobilirubinemia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypoglycemia. Infants of diabetic mothers are at risk for hypoglycemia due to excessive insulin production in response to high glucose levels in utero. Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial to prevent hypoglycemia-related complications.

B: Hypercalcemia is not a major neonatal complication seen in infants of diabetic mothers.
C: Hypoinsulinemia refers to low levels of insulin, which is not typically a concern in infants of diabetic mothers.
D: Hypobilirubinemia is not a common complication in infants of diabetic mothers.

In summary, monitoring for hypoglycemia is essential in infants of diabetic mothers to prevent potential complications.

A hospice nurse is well aware of how difficult it is to deal with others pain on a daily basis. This nurse should put healthy practices into place to guard against what outcome?

  • A. Inefficiency in the provision of care
  • B. Excessive weight gain
  • C. Emotional exhaustion
  • D. Social withdrawal
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Emotional exhaustion. Dealing with others' pain daily can lead to burnout and emotional exhaustion for the nurse. This can result in decreased empathy and effectiveness in providing care. Healthy practices such as self-care, setting boundaries, and seeking support can help prevent emotional exhaustion.

Choice A: Inefficiency in the provision of care is incorrect because emotional exhaustion may affect the quality of care but does not necessarily lead to inefficiency.
Choice B: Excessive weight gain is incorrect as it is not directly related to the emotional toll of dealing with others' pain.
Choice D: Social withdrawal is incorrect as it is a potential outcome of emotional exhaustion but not the primary concern in this scenario.

A patient with a hip fracture is having difficulty defecating into a bedpan while lying in bed. Which action by the nurse will assist the patient in having a successful bowel movement?

  • A. Preparing to administer a barium enema
  • B. Withholding narcotic pain medication
  • C. Administering laxatives to the patient
  • D. Raising the head of the bed
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: Option D is correct because raising the head of the bed promotes a more natural position for defecation, allowing gravity to assist. This position helps align the rectum and anal canal, making it easier for the patient to have a bowel movement. Administering laxatives (Option C) may help, but adjusting the bed position is a non-invasive and more immediate intervention. Withholding pain medication (Option B) could lead to unnecessary discomfort for the patient. Administering a barium enema (Option A) is not indicated for addressing difficulty with defecation.

A male patient presents at the free clinic with complaints of impotency. Upon physical examination, the nurse practitioner notes the presence of hypogonadism. What diagnosis should the nurse suspect?

  • A. Prolactinoma
  • B. Angioma
  • C. Glioma
  • D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)producing adenoma
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prolactinoma. Hypogonadism is often associated with decreased testosterone levels, which can be caused by excessive prolactin secretion from a prolactinoma. Prolactin inhibits the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), leading to decreased production of testosterone. Angioma, glioma, and ACTH-producing adenoma are not typically associated with hypogonadism. Angiomas are benign tumors of blood vessels, gliomas are tumors of the brain or spinal cord, and ACTH-producing adenomas are associated with Cushing's disease, not hypogonadism.

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