Nokea
A patient has an IV containing heparin to prevent his blood from clotting. You are assisting him with personal care. Which action will you take?
- A. Shave him with a disposable razor in the direction of hair growth.
- B. Shave him with an electric razor in the direction of hair growth.
- C. Shave him with an electric razor, moving in circular motions over the beard.
- D. Delay shaving this patient until the IV heparin is discontinued.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heparin increases bleeding risk, so an electric razor is safer than a disposable razor to avoid cuts. Shaving in the direction of hair growth minimizes irritation. Circular motions are less effective and may increase skin trauma. Delaying shaving is unnecessary if an electric razor is used.
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When cleaning dentures, you will do which of the following?
- A. Line the sink with a towel or washcloth for a soft surface in case the dentures slip.
- B. Use hot water to rinse the dentures before cleaning them to remove food particles.
- C. Use cool water when washing the dentures to prevent damage to them.
- D. Store them in a denture cup with cool water and a cleaning tablet if the patient wishes.
- E. Clean a partial denture with metal parts by soaking it in water containing a dissolved cleaning tablet.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Lining the sink prevents denture damage if dropped. Cool water is used to avoid warping or damaging dentures. Storing in a denture cup with cool water and a cleaning tablet is standard practice if desired. Hot water can damage dentures, and soaking partial dentures with metal parts in cleaning solutions may cause corrosion.
It is important to stay with a patient during the first bath or shower after surgery because the patient may
- A. Be unsteady while standing and sitting.
- B. Have an increase in pain when moving about.
- C. Cause the incision to open up when getting in the water.
- D. Experience vasodilation and become dizzy or faint.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Post-surgical patients may be weak or unsteady due to anesthesia effects or reduced mobility, increasing the risk of falls. Vasodilation from warm water can also cause dizziness or fainting, especially in a weakened state. While pain may increase with movement, it is not the primary concern for supervision, and incisions are unlikely to open from bathing alone.
When you provide oral care to an unconscious patient, you will
- A. Position the patient on the left or right side with the bed flat.
- B. Use lemon glycerin swabs to clean the patient's lips and gums.
- C. Assess the mouth for lesions and sores.
- D. Use plenty of water to rinse the toothpaste from the teeth and gums.
- E. Keep a suction device on and ready for use.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: For an unconscious patient, positioning on the side with the bed flat prevents aspiration during oral care. Assessing the mouth for lesions ensures proper care and identifies issues. A suction device is essential to remove fluids and prevent choking. Lemon glycerin swabs can dry the mucosa, and rinsing with water is avoided to prevent aspiration.
You are preparing to assist a conscious patient with oral care. The patient has had a stroke, causing partial paralysis of his throat. Once the toothpaste, toothbrush, water, and emesis basin are set up on the overbed table, what will you do?
- A. Instruct the patient to brush her teeth and spit into the emesis basin, then leave the room.
- B. Ask a family member to assist the patient if she needs help while you are out of the room.
- C. Brush the patient's teeth for her, then instruct her to rinse her mouth with water and mouthwash while you prepare for the partial bath.
- D. Stay with the patient in case she chokes while performing oral care, and assist her as needed.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Due to partial throat paralysis from the stroke, the patient is at risk of choking or aspiration during oral care. Staying with the patient ensures safety and allows assistance as needed, preventing complications.
Your patient has multiple body piercings with jewelry in place. He has been in a motor vehicle accident and is scheduled for an MRI of his left arm and left leg. Which question will you ask this patient?
- A. Do I have your permission to remove the jewelry from your piercings before your MRI?
- B. Are the metals in your jewelry nonmagnetic stainless steel or titanium?
- C. You understand that you will need to remove all of the jewelry from your piercings before you go for an MRI, don't you?
- D. How long has the jewelry in your piercings been in place?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: MRI machines use strong magnetic fields, and nonmagnetic metals like certain stainless steels or titanium are safe. Asking about the metal type ensures safety during the MRI, as magnetic metals can cause injury or imaging artifacts.