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A nurse is teaching a guardian of a school-age child who has a new prescription for a fluticasone metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (SATA)
- A. Soak the inhaler in water after use.
- B. Have your child take one inhalation as needed for shortness of breath.
- C. Shake the device prior to administration.
- D. A spacer will make it easier to use the device.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Correct Answer: C, D, E
Rationale:
C: Shake the device prior to administration - Shaking the inhaler ensures proper mixing of the medication for effective delivery to the lungs.
D: A spacer will make it easier to use the device - A spacer helps improve medication delivery by ensuring more of the medication reaches the lungs rather than the mouth or throat.
E: - Additional information may include the importance of proper inhaler technique, how to clean the device, how to monitor for side effects, and when to seek medical help.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Soak the inhaler in water after use - Soaking the inhaler in water can damage the device and affect the medication's effectiveness.
B: Have your child take one inhalation as needed for shortness of breath - The prescription likely specifies a specific dosing regimen that should be followed, rather than using the inhaler as needed.
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A nurse is assessing a client who is taking haloperidol and is experiencing pseudoparkinsonism. Which of the following findings should the nurse document as a manifestation of pseudoparkinsonism?
- A. Serpentine limb movement
- B. Shuffling gait
- C. Nonreactive pupils
- D. Smacking lips
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Shuffling gait. Pseudoparkinsonism is a side effect of antipsychotic medications like haloperidol, characterized by symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease. A shuffling gait, which is a slow, dragging walk with short steps and reduced arm swing, is a classic manifestation. Serpentine limb movement (A) is not associated with pseudoparkinsonism. Nonreactive pupils (C) are not a typical symptom of pseudoparkinsonism. Smacking lips (D) is a sign of tardive dyskinesia, another side effect of antipsychotic medications.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about the administration of omeprazole. Which of the following should the nurse include?
- A. You cannot take this medication with an antacid.
- B. You should reduce your intake of calcium while taking this medication.
- C. You should take this medication before meals.
- D. You can take a second dose if symptoms persist up to 2 hours after the first dose.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that works best when taken before meals to inhibit gastric acid secretion. This timing ensures optimal effectiveness of the medication. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is inaccurate because omeprazole can be taken with antacids, but it is recommended to be taken separately. Choice B is incorrect as there is no specific need to reduce calcium intake while taking omeprazole. Choice D is incorrect as taking a second dose without medical advice may lead to overdosing and adverse effects.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for amoxicillin. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing an allergic reaction?
- A. Nausea
- B. Cardiac dysrhythmia
- C. Laryngeal edema
- D. Insomnia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Laryngeal edema. Laryngeal edema is a severe allergic reaction symptom that can lead to airway obstruction and respiratory distress. This is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate intervention. Nausea (A) and insomnia (D) are common side effects of amoxicillin but not indicative of an allergic reaction. Cardiac dysrhythmia (B) is not a typical allergic reaction symptom to amoxicillin.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following routes of administration should the nurse use?
- A. Subcutaneous
- B. Intravenous
- C. Central venous access device
- D. Midline catheter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Central venous access device. TPN is a highly concentrated solution that provides all the nutrients a person needs intravenously. A central venous access device allows for the infusion of TPN into a large central vein, such as the superior vena cava, ensuring immediate access to the bloodstream for rapid absorption. Using other routes like subcutaneous (A), intravenous (B), or midline catheter (D) may not be suitable due to the high osmolarity of TPN, which can cause irritation and damage to smaller veins. Therefore, a central venous access device is the most appropriate and safe route for administering TPN.
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride elixir 20 mEq/day PO to divide equally every 12 hr. Available is 6.7 mEq/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest tenth.)
Correct Answer: 7.5
Rationale: The correct answer is 7.5 mL. To determine this, first calculate the total daily dose: 20 mEq/day ÷ 2 doses/day = 10 mEq/dose. Next, find the mL per dose using the available concentration: 10 mEq ÷ 6.7 mEq/5 mL = 7.46 mL, which rounds to 7.5 mL. This ensures the patient receives the correct dose of potassium chloride elixir. Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculation or rounding process, leading to potential under or overdosing.