Nokea
A patient has been taking suvorexant for intermittent insomnia. She calls the nurse to say that when she takes it, she sleeps well, but the next day she feels - so tired I Which explanation by the nurse is correct?
- A. Long-term use of this drug results in a sedative effect.
- B. If you take the drug every night, this hangover effect will be reduced.
- C. These drugs affect the sleep cycle, resulting in daytime sleepiness.
- D. These drugs increase the activity of the central nervous system, making you tired the next day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Use of suvorexant results in daytime sleepiness. The other statements are incorrect.
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A patient tells the nurse that he likes to drink kava herbal tea to help him relax. Which statement by the patient indicates that additional teaching about this herbal product is needed?
- A. I will not drink wine with the kava tea.
- B. If I notice my skin turning yellow, I will stop taking the tea.
- C. I will not take sleeping pills if I have this tea in the evening.
- D. I will be able to drive my car after drinking this tea.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Patients should not drive after drinking this tea because it may cause sedation. Kava tea may cause skin discoloration (with long-term use). In addition, it must not be taken with alcohol, barbiturates, and psychoactive drugs.
A patient who has received some traumatic news is panicking and asks for some medication to help settle down. The nurse anticipates giving which drug that is most appropriate for this situation?
- A. Diazepam
- B. Zolpidem
- C. Phenobarbital
- D. Cyclobenzaprine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Benzodiazepines such as diazepam are used as anxiolytics, or sedatives. Zolpidem is used as a hypnotic for sleep. Phenobarbital is not used as an anxiolytic but is used for seizure control. Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant and is not used to reduce anxiety.
A patient is about to receive pentobarbital 100 mg IV as preoperative sedation. The medication is available in a concentration of 50 mg/mL. How many milliliters will the patient receive for this dose?
Correct Answer: 2 mL
Rationale: 50 mg : 1 mL :: 100 mg : x mL; (50 * x) = (1 * 100); 50x = 100; x = 2 mL.
A patient has experienced insomnia for months, and the physician has prescribed a medication to help with this problem. The nurse expects which drug to be used for long-term treatment of insomnia?
- A. Secobarbital, a barbiturate
- B. Diazepam, a benzodiazepine
- C. Midazolam, a benzodiazepine
- D. Eszopiclone, a nonbenzodiazepine sleep aid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Eszopiclone is one of the newest prescription hypnotics to be approved for long-term use in treatment of insomnia. Barbiturates and benzodiazepines are not appropriate for long-term treatment of insomnia: midazolam is used for procedural (moderate) sedation.
A man who has been taking phenobarbital for 1 week is found very lethargic and unable to walk after eating out for dinner. His wife states that he has no other prescriptions and that he did not take an overdose-the correct number of pills is in the bottle. The nurse suspects that which of these may have happened?
- A. He took a multivitamin.
- B. He drank a glass of wine.
- C. He took a dose of aspirin.
- D. He developed an allergy to the drug.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alcohol has an additive effect when combined with barbiturates and causes central nervous system (CNS) depression. Multivitamins and aspirin do not interact with barbiturates, and this situation does not illustrate an allergic reaction.