Nokea
A patient has damage to the cerebellum. Which disorder is most important for the nurse to assess?
- A. Impaired balance
- B. Hemiplegia
- C. Muscle sprain
- D. Lower extremity paralysis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When the cerebellum is damaged, it leads to impaired balance. The cerebellum plays a crucial role in coordinating movements and maintaining balance. Therefore, assessing the patient's balance is essential in determining the extent of cerebellar damage. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because hemiplegia refers to paralysis of one side of the body, muscle sprain is a soft tissue injury, and lower extremity paralysis involves loss of function in the lower limbs. These conditions are not directly associated with damage to the cerebellum.
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When providing mouth care for an unconscious client, what action should the nurse take?
- A. Turn the client's head to the side.
- B. Place two fingers in the client's mouth to open it.
- C. Brush the client's teeth once per day.
- D. Inject mouth rinse into the center of the client's mouth.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When providing mouth care for an unconscious client, the nurse should turn the client's head to the side. This action helps prevent aspiration by allowing any fluids to drain out of the mouth, reducing the risk of choking or aspiration pneumonia. Placing fingers into the client's mouth can be dangerous and may cause injury. Brushing the client's teeth only once a day may not be sufficient for proper oral hygiene care. Injecting mouth rinse into the center of the mouth is not recommended and can potentially lead to aspiration. Therefore, the correct action for the nurse to take is to turn the client's head to the side.
A client with herpes zoster asks the nurse about using complementary and alternative therapies for pain control. The nurse should inform the client that this condition is a contraindication for which of the following therapies?
- A. Biofeedback
- B. Aloe
- C. Feverfew
- D. Acupuncture
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acupuncture is contraindicated for clients with herpes zoster due to the risk of introducing an open portal on the skin, which can increase the risk of infection. This therapy involves inserting needles into specific points on the body, potentially causing skin trauma and providing a route for the virus to spread. Biofeedback, aloe, and feverfew are not contraindicated for clients with herpes zoster and can be considered for pain management in this condition. Biofeedback involves using electronic devices to help individuals learn to control physiological processes, aloe is a plant known for its skin-soothing properties, and feverfew is an herb that has been used for pain relief.
A client is grieving the loss of her partner and expresses thoughts of not seeing the point of living anymore. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Recommend that the client seek spiritual guidance
- B. Request additional support from the client's family
- C. Tell the client that this is a normal response to grief
- D. Ask the client if she plans to harm herself
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When a client expresses feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness, it is crucial for the nurse to assess for suicidal ideation. Asking the client directly if she plans to harm herself is essential to determine the level of risk and ensure appropriate interventions are implemented. Recommending spiritual guidance (Choice A) may not address the immediate safety concerns related to suicidal ideation. Requesting additional support from the client's family (Choice B) is not as direct in addressing the client's safety. While stating that the client's response is a normal part of grief (Choice C) may provide validation, it does not address the potential risk of harm to the client.
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication through a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which action should the LPN/LVN take to ensure proper administration?
- A. Check the placement of the tube by auscultation.
- B. Flush the tube with 30 ml of water before and after medication administration.
- C. Administer the medication with food to prevent nausea.
- D. Dilute the medication with normal saline before administration.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To ensure proper administration through a nasogastric tube, the LPN/LVN should flush the tube with 30 ml of water before and after medication administration. This action helps ensure the tube is patent, prevents clogging, and helps deliver the medication effectively. Checking the placement of the tube by auscultation (Choice A) is essential but does not directly relate to ensuring proper administration. Administering the medication with food (Choice C) may not always be appropriate for all medications and may not necessarily prevent nausea. Diluting the medication with normal saline (Choice D) is not a standard practice for all medications administered via an NG tube and may alter the medication's effectiveness.
A client with prostate cancer declines to discuss concerns after the provider discusses treatment options. What statement should the nurse make?
- A. I am available to talk if you should change your mind.
- B. It's important to discuss your concerns with the provider.
- C. You need to make a decision about your treatment options.
- D. Your concerns will be addressed at a later time.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Offering to talk later if the client changes their mind respects their current choice and keeps the dialogue open. Choice B is not the best response as it may pressure the client to share concerns. Choice C is incorrect as it imposes a decision on the client. Choice D does not acknowledge the client's feelings in the moment and postpones addressing concerns.