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A patient has decided to stop hemodialysis because his renal failure progresses and he wishes to spend more time with family. Palliative care will continue, and the approach will be discussed with the patient and family as needed and at change of shift. The care delivery model in this situation is termed:
- A. partnership.
- B. patient-centered.
- C. case management.
- D. total patient care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: patient-centered. This model focuses on meeting the individual patient's needs and preferences, involving them in decision-making, and providing care that is respectful and responsive to their values. In this scenario, the patient's decision to stop hemodialysis is respected, and palliative care is provided in alignment with his wishes. Partnerhsip (A) typically involves collaboration between healthcare providers and patients, which is not explicitly mentioned. Case management (C) focuses on coordinating services for complex cases, which is not the primary focus here. Total patient care (D) involves providing all aspects of care directly by the same nurse, which is not the main approach in this scenario.
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A nurse on the unit is heard saying, "I am not going to document that I used four catheters to start that IV; it doesn't matter anyway." What action can help the staff nurse understand the financial budget goals of the unit?
- A. Have the nurse work in payroll for a week.
- B. Enroll the staff in continuing education units (CEU) for personal finance.
- C. Ask the nurse to represent the unit on the budget planning committee.
- D. Make the nurse responsible for monitoring all disposable equipment and supplies.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because asking the nurse to represent the unit on the budget planning committee will directly expose them to the financial budget goals. This involvement will provide insight into the importance of accurate documentation and resource utilization. It offers a practical understanding of how decisions impact the unit's financial health.
Summary:
A: Working in payroll does not directly connect the nurse to the unit's financial goals.
B: Personal finance CEUs are not specific to the unit's budget goals.
D: Monitoring supplies is important but does not provide a comprehensive understanding of the unit's financial budget goals.
A certified oncology nurse notices that a novice nurse is unsure of decision making and lacks technical skills. The novice nurse gains confidence by sharing and learning with the experienced nurse. This relationship continues and builds, allowing the novice nurse to become more confident. This relationship is known as:
- A. mentoring.
- B. role modeling.
- C. a preceptorship.
- D. socialization.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: mentoring. Mentoring involves an experienced individual guiding and supporting a less experienced individual to help them develop skills, confidence, and knowledge. In this scenario, the certified oncology nurse is providing guidance and support to the novice nurse, helping them gain confidence and improve decision-making and technical skills. Mentoring fosters a personalized and supportive relationship that allows for growth and development.
Summary of other choices:
B: Role modeling involves observing and emulating behaviors of others, but it does not necessarily involve the direct guidance and support seen in mentoring.
C: Preceptorship typically refers to a structured program where a more experienced individual (preceptor) guides a less experienced individual (preceptee) for a specific period, which is more formalized than the relationship described in the scenario.
D: Socialization refers to the process of adapting to the norms and values of a group or society, which is not directly related to the mentorship relationship described in the scenario.
In the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) examination test plan, client needs form the organizing framework of the examination with questions in four categories: safe and effective care environment, health promotion and maintenance, psychosocial integrity, and physiologic integrity. Certain processes are then integrated throughout the categories of client needs. Which process is integrated into all client need categories?
- A. Teaching/learning
- B. Health promotion
- C. Infection control
- D. Pharmacology
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 1. Infection control is crucial in ensuring safe and effective care for all clients.
2. Infection control measures are essential in preventing the spread of infections in healthcare settings.
3. Infection control is relevant in promoting and maintaining health by preventing illness.
4. Psychosocial integrity can be compromised by infections, making infection control important in this category.
5. Physiologic integrity involves preventing and managing infections through proper protocols.
6. While teaching/learning, health promotion, and pharmacology are important, they are not integrated into all client need categories like infection control.
A group of nurses are assembling outside a hospital protesting the use of foreign nurses after several nurses were terminated due to what the hospital called recurring "decreased census." The nurses carry signs with messages asking potential patients to seek care elsewhere. The local newspaper picked up the story, and the hospital is receiving negative press. The nurses are participating in:
- A. picketing.
- B. collective bargaining.
- C. a strike.
- D. arbitration.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: picketing. Picketing involves protesting outside a workplace to draw attention to an issue, such as the use of foreign nurses in this case. The nurses are not actively refusing to work (strike), negotiating work conditions (collective bargaining), or submitting their dispute to a third party for resolution (arbitration). Picketing is the most appropriate term for their actions in this scenario.
A patient observes the practitioner burning a dried herb on the needle during an acupuncture session and asks about this practice. The practitioner responds, "I am inciting the acupuncture points and this is referred to as:
- A. doshas."
- B. moxibustion."
- C. yoga."
- D. kapha."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: moxibustion. Moxibustion is a traditional Chinese medicine technique that involves burning dried herbs on or near acupuncture points to stimulate them. This practice helps to improve the flow of Qi and promote healing. Doshas (choice A) and kapha (choice D) are terms from Ayurveda, not related to acupuncture. Yoga (choice C) is a separate practice that involves physical postures and breathing exercises, not burning herbs on acupuncture points.