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A patient has lost most of her vision as a result of macular degeneration. When attempting to meet this patients psychosocial needs, what nursing action is most appropriate?
- A. Encourage the patient to focus on her use of her other senses.
- B. Assess and promote the patients coping skills during interactions with the patient.
- C. Emphasize that her lifestyle will be unchanged once she adapts to her vision loss.
- D. Promote the patients hope for recovery.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Promoting coping skills supports psychosocial adjustment to vision loss from macular degeneration. Focusing on other senses or promising unchanged lifestyle may minimize the loss, and recovery is unlikely.
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A patient is exploring treatment options after being diagnosed with age-related cataracts that affect her vision. What treatment is most likely to be used in this patients care?
- A. Antioxidant supplements, vitamin C and E, beta-carotene, and selenium
- B. Eyeglasses or magnifying lenses
- C. Corticosteroid eye drops
- D. Surgical intervention
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Surgical intervention is the definitive treatment for cataracts when vision is compromised. Antioxidants, eyeglasses, and corticosteroids do not cure or prevent age-related cataracts.
An older adult patient has been diagnosed with macular degeneration and the nurse is assessing him for changes in visual acuity since his last clinic visit. When assessing the patient for recent changes in visual acuity, the patient states that he sees the lines on an Amsler grid as being distorted. What is the nurses most appropriate response?
- A. Ask if the patient has been using OTC vasoconstrictors.
- B. Instruct the patient to repeat the test at different times of the day when at home.
- C. Arrange for the patient to visit his ophthalmologist.
- D. Encourage the patient to adhere to his prescribed drug regimen.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amsler grid distortions in macular degeneration warrant immediate ophthalmologic evaluation. Vasoconstrictors, repeating tests, or drug adherence are not appropriate responses.
A patient with glaucoma has presented for a scheduled clinic visit and tells the nurse that she has begun taking an herbal remedy for her condition that was recommended by a work colleague. What instruction should the nurse provide to the patient?
- A. The patient should discuss this new remedy with her ophthalmologist promptly.
- B. The patient should monitor her IOP closely for the next several weeks.
- C. The patient should do further research on the herbal remedy.
- D. The patient should report any adverse effects to her pharmacist.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Herbal remedies may interact with glaucoma treatment, so prompt discussion with the ophthalmologist is essential. Self-monitoring IOP is not feasible, and research or pharmacist reporting is secondary.
The nurse on the medicalsurgical unit is reviewing discharge instructions with a patient who has a history of glaucoma. The nurse should anticipate the use of what medications?
- A. Potassium-sparing diuretics
- B. Cholinergics
- C. Antibiotics
- D. Loop diuretics
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cholinergics, like pilocarpine, increase aqueous outflow in glaucoma treatment. Diuretics and antibiotics are not used for glaucoma management.
The registered nurse taking shift report learns that an assigned patient is blind. How should the nurse best communicate with this patient?
- A. Provide instructions in simple, clear terms.
- B. Introduce herself in a firm, loud voice at the doorway of the room.
- C. Lightly touch the patients arm and then introduce herself.
- D. State her name and role immediately after entering the patients room.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stating name and role first identifies the nurse without startling the blind patient. Simplifying instructions or using a loud voice is unnecessary, and touching before introducing may cause discomfort.