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A patient has taken a 15-gram (15,000-mg) dose of acetaminophen and is brought by her parents to the emergency department. As the dosage is relatively high, there is a chance of acute acetaminophen poisoning. Which of the following assessment findings would indicate acute acetaminophen toxicity?
- A. Hypotension
- B. High fever
- C. Sweating
- D. Rapid, deep breathing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypotension is a sign of acute acetaminophen toxicity. High fever, sweating, and rapid, deep breathing are not typically associated with it.
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A nurse is describing the overall effects associated with aspirin to a client. The nurse integrates knowledge of which of the following when describing this drug?
- A. Analgesic
- B. Antipyretic
- C. Anti-inflammatory
- D. Anti-infective
- E. Antiviral
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Aspirin is a salicylate with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It does not have anti-infective or antiviral properties.
A patient who has been prescribed aspirin wants to know more about willow bark as a substitute for aspirin. Which of the following would the nurse integrate into the response as an advantage of willow bark as compared to aspirin?
- A. Willow bark is ideal for patients with peptic ulcers.
- B. Willow bark works relatively quickly as compared to aspirin.
- C. Small amounts of willow bark produce a noticeable effect.
- D. Willow bark has fewer adverse reactions than other salicylates.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Willow bark has fewer adverse reactions than other salicylates but is not ideal for peptic ulcer patients, takes longer to work, and requires larger amounts for effect.
A nurse suspects that a client is experiencing acute acetaminophen toxicity based on assessment of which of the following?
- A. Nausea
- B. Jaundice
- C. Hypertension
- D. Cardiac arrhythmias
- E. Confusion
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Signs of acute acetaminophen toxicity include nausea, vomiting, confusion, liver tenderness, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, jaundice, and acute hepatic and renal failure.
A client is being discharged from the hospital on warfarin for atrial fibrillation. The client asks the nurse, 'What can I use if I have a headache?' The nurse responds by telling the client that which of the following would be appropriate to use?
- A. Bufferin
- B. Tylenol
- C. Ecotrin
- D. Empirin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients taking warfarin should avoid salicylates (Bufferin, Ecotrin, Empirin) due to increased bleeding risk and use Tylenol (acetaminophen) for pain relief.
A nurse understands that aspirin would be contraindicated in a child with which of the following?
- A. Liver dysfunction
- B. High blood pressure
- C. Diabetes
- D. Chickenpox
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin is contraindicated in children with chickenpox due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a life-threatening condition.