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A patient is admitted in a comatose state after ingesting five capsules of lorazepam. A friend of the patient says, 'Often my friend drinks, along with taking more of the drug than is prescribed.' What is the effect of the use of alcohol with this drug?
- A. The drug's metabolism is stimulated.
- B. The drug's effect is diminished.
- C. A synergistic effect occurs.
- D. There is no effect.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alcohol and lorazepam, both CNS depressants, have synergistic effects, potentiating each other.
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Select the most appropriate outcome for a patient completing the fourth alcohol detoxification program in 1 year. Before discharge, what will the patient do?
- A. Use rationalization in healthy ways.
- B. State, 'I see the need for ongoing treatment.'
- C. Identify constructive outlets for expression of anger.
- D. Develop a trusting relationship with one staff member.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Recognizing the need for ongoing treatment is key to preventing relapse.
Which nursing diagnosis would likely apply both to a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia as well as a patient diagnosed with amphetamine-induced psychosis?
- A. Powerlessness
- B. Disturbed thought processes
- C. Ineffective thermoregulation
- D. Impaired oral mucous membrane
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Both conditions involve paranoid delusions, making disturbed thought processes appropriate.
When working with a patient beginning treatment for alcohol abuse, what is the nurse's most therapeutic approach?
- A. Empathetic, supportive
- B. Strong, confrontational
- C. Skeptical, guarded
- D. Cool, distant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Support and empathy help the patient feel safe to address problems.
A patient in an alcohol treatment program says, 'I have been a loser all my life. I'm so ashamed of what I have put my family through. Now, I'm not even sure I can succeed at staying sober.' Which nursing diagnosis applies?
- A. Chronic low self-esteem
- B. Situational low self-esteem
- C. Disturbed personal identity
- D. Ineffective health maintenance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lifelong feelings of inadequacy indicate chronic low self-esteem.
Which medication is the nurse most likely to see prescribed as part of the treatment plan for both a patient in an alcoholism treatment program and a patient in a program for the treatment of opioid addiction?
- A. Methadone
- B. Bromocriptine
- C. Disulfiram
- D. Naltrexone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Naltrexone blocks opioid action and reduces alcohol craving, useful for both addictions.