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A patient is being discharged after spending six days in the hospital due to depression with suicidal ideation. The psychiatric-mental health nurse knows that an important outcome has been met when the patient states,:
- A. I can't wait to get home and forget that this ever happened'
- B. I feel so much better. If I continue to feel this way, I can probably stop taking my medications soon'
- C. I have a list of support groups and a crisis line that I can call, if I feel suicidal'
- D. I have to leave here soon, if I want to catch the next bus home'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Having resources like support groups and a crisis line indicates readiness for self-management post-discharge.
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A psychiatric technician mentions to the nurse, 'All these clients with Axis II problems! It makes me wonder how so many mothers could have been such poor parents and messed up their kids so badly!' The response by the nurse that helps put the development of personality disorders into perspective is:
- A. Parenting is the responsibility of fathers, too, so don't blame only mothers.'
- B. Personality disorder is often related to sexual abuse that occurs without parental knowledge.'
- C. There is some evidence to suggest a biologic component to personality disorders.'
- D. Peer interactions may be more important in child development than parental involvement.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for correct answer (C):
1. Personality disorders are complex and have multifactorial causes.
2. Research suggests a biological component to personality disorders, such as genetic predispositions.
3. This understanding helps to shift the blame away from solely poor parenting.
4. It aligns with the biopsychosocial model, which considers biological, psychological, and social factors.
5. This response promotes a holistic view of personality development.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
A: Shifts focus to gender roles, which is not directly relevant to the etiology of personality disorders.
B: Narrowly associates personality disorders with sexual abuse, ignoring other contributing factors.
D: Overemphasizes peer interactions over parental influence, which is not supported by extensive research on personality development.
A patient with Alzheimer's disease has been determined to have a dressing/grooming self-care deficit. Which intervention(s) would be appropriate for this nursing diagnosis? Select all that apply.
- A. Replace personal clothing with gym clothes that all match each other.
- B. Label the patient's clothing with his name and name of the item.
- C. Provide clothing with elastic waistbands and hook-and-loop closures.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Option A is correct because replacing personal clothing with matching gym clothes simplifies dressing, reducing confusion for a patient with Alzheimer's. This intervention promotes independence and minimizes frustration. Labeling clothing (Option B) may help in identifying items but does not address the deficit. Clothing with elastic waistbands and closures (Option C) may be helpful but does not directly address the deficit. "None of the above" (Option D) is incorrect as Option A is an appropriate intervention.
Why did the risk of acquiring disease decrease for people living in cities since the 1850's?
- A. The 'sanitation revolution' improved the water supplies
- B. Urban residents received more regular vaccinations
- C. Antibiotics were more readily used
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The sanitation revolution, along with vaccinations and antibiotics, collectively reduced disease risk in cities since the 1850s.
The main reasons that childhood obesity rates are higher among the areas of the highest poverty are
- A. Limited access to parks
- B. Limited access to recreational areas
- C. Children in areas of poverty eat less fruits and vegetables and more chips and soda
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Poverty limits access to healthy food and recreation, driving higher obesity rates in children.
A man who regularly experiences premature ejaculation tells the nurse, 'I feel like such a failure. It's so awful for both me and my partner.' Select the nurse's most therapeutic response.
- A. I sense you are feeling frustrated and upset.
- B. Tell me more about feeling like a failure.
- C. You are too hard on yourself.
- D. What do you mean by awful?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it acknowledges the man's emotions of frustration and upset, showing empathy and understanding. This response validates his feelings and opens the door for further discussion. Choice B shifts the focus away from the man's current emotions. Choice C minimizes his feelings and may come across as dismissive. Choice D is too vague and doesn't address the man's emotional state directly. Overall, choice A is the most therapeutic as it validates the man's feelings and encourages him to express more.