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A patient is being discharged with a prescription for linezolid. After teaching the patient about this drug, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the patient identifies that he can consume which of the following without any risks? Select all that apply.
- A. Alcohol
- B. Prunes
- C. Aged cheese
- D. Pepperoni
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: When linezolid is taken with foods containing tyramine, such as aged cheese and meats, yogurt, chocolate, caffeinated beverages, and alcohol, the risk for severe hypertension increases. Prunes and broccoli pose no risk to the patient.
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A group of nursing students are reviewing information about clindamycin (Cleocin). The students demonstrate understanding of this drug when they identify that it should be used with caution in clients with which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Seizure disorder
- B. GI disorders
- C. Myasthenia gravis
- D. Diabetes
Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale: Clindamycin, a lincosamide, should be used cautiously in clients with a history of GI disorders, renal disease, liver impairment, or myasthenia gravis.
After reviewing information about lincosamide therapy, a group of nursing students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a contraindication?
- A. Children younger than 9 years
- B. Patients with pre-existing liver disease
- C. Patients taking cisapride
- D. Patients with myasthenia gravis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lincosamide is contraindicated in patients taking cisapride. Tetracyclines are contraindicated in children younger than 9 years of age and pregnant women. Macrolides are contraindicated in patients with pre-existing liver disease and patients with myasthenia gravis.
A client who is receiving statin therapy as treatment for elevated lipid levels is also prescribed daptomycin. The nurse would assess which of the following laboratory test results for changes?
- A. Creatine phosphokinase levels
- B. Blood glucose levels
- C. White blood cell count
- D. International normalized ratio
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Myopathy with elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels may occur if daptomycin is administered with statin drugs (cholesterol reduction). Therefore, the nurse would assess CPK levels. The combination of statin therapy and daptomycin has no effect on blood glucose levels, white blood count, or international normalized ratio (INR).
A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of nursing students about macrolide antibacterial drugs. Which of the following would the instructor expect to include? Select all that apply.
- A. Macrolides are broad-spectrum antibiotics.
- B. Macrolides are contraindicated in clients with renal dysfunction.
- C. Macrolides may cause visual disturbances.
- D. Macrolides can be used in clients allergic to penicillins.
- E. Macrolides can be used to treat acne vulgaris.
Correct Answer: A, C, D, E
Rationale: Macrolides are broad-spectrum antibiotics that can be used in clients with penicillin allergies and can be used to treat acne vulgaris. Macrolides can cause visual disturbances and are contraindicated in clients with pre-existing liver disease.
A patient is being discharged with a prescription for linezolid. After teaching the patient about this drug, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the patient identifies that he can consume which of the following without any risks? Select all that apply.
- A. Alcohol
- B. Prunes
- C. Aged cheese
- D. Pepperoni
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: When linezolid is taken with foods containing tyramine, such as aged cheese and meats, yogurt, chocolate, caffeinated beverages, and alcohol, the risk for severe hypertension increases. Prunes and broccoli pose no risk to the patient.