Nokea
A patient is being given a medication that stimulates her parasympathetic system. Following administration of this medication, the nurse should anticipate what effect?
- A. Constricted pupils
- B. Dilated bronchioles
- C. Decreased peristaltic movement
- D. Relaxed muscular walls of the urinary bladder
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parasympathetic stimulation causes pupil constriction, bronchoconstriction, increased peristalsis, and bladder contraction. The other options reflect sympathetic effects.
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A patient is currently being stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system. What effect will this nervous stimulation have on the patients bladder?
- A. The parasympathetic nervous system causes urinary retention.
- B. The parasympathetic nervous system causes bladder spasms.
- C. The parasympathetic nervous system causes urge incontinence.
- D. The parasympathetic nervous system makes the bladder contract.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parasympathetic stimulation contracts the bladder, promoting urination. Retention, spasms, or incontinence are not direct parasympathetic effects.
A patient is scheduled for a myelogram and the nurse explains to the patient that this is an invasive procedure, which assesses for any lesions in the spinal cord. The nurse should explain that the preparation is similar to which of the following neurologic tests?
- A. Lumbar puncture
- B. MRI
- C. Cerebral angiography
- D. EEG
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Myelography involves contrast injection via lumbar puncture, so preparation is similar. MRI, angiography, and EEG have different preparation requirements.
The patient in the ED has just had a diagnostic lumbar puncture. To reduce the incidence of a postlumbar puncture headache, what is the nurses most appropriate action?
- A. Position the patient prone.
- B. Position the patient supine with the head of bed flat.
- C. Position the patient left side-lying.
- D. Administer acetaminophen as ordered.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prone positioning after lumbar puncture minimizes cerebrospinal fluid leakage, reducing headache risk. Supine or side-lying positions are less effective, and acetaminophen is not a preventive measure.
A trauma patient was admitted to the ICU with a brain injury. The patient had a change in level of consciousness, increased vital signs, and became diaphoretic and agitated. The nurse should recognize which of the following syndromes as the most plausible cause of these symptoms?
- A. Adrenal crisis
- B. Hypothalamic collapse
- C. Sympathetic storm
- D. Cranial nerve deficit
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sympathetic storm, triggered by brain injury, causes altered consciousness, elevated vital signs, diaphoresis, and agitation due to sympathetic overstimulation. Other options do not fully explain these symptoms.
The nursing students are learning how to assess function of cranial nerve VIII. To assess the function of cranial nerve VIII the students would be correct in completing which of the following assessment techniques?
- A. Have the patient identify familiar odors with the eyes closed.
- B. Assess papillary reflex.
- C. Utilize the Snellen chart.
- D. Test for air and bone conduction (Rinne test).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Rinne test assesses hearing, a function of cranial nerve VIII. Odor identification tests cranial nerve I, pupillary reflex tests III, IV, and VI, and the Snellen chart tests II.