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A patient is being treated for dehydration. Which lab result would support the diagnosis?
- A. Elevated hemoglobin
- B. Low sodium level
- C. High white blood cell count
- D. Elevated BUN
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevated BUN levels are a characteristic finding in dehydration due to reduced kidney perfusion and increased reabsorption of urea. Hemoglobin levels might be elevated in conditions like polycythemia vera, not directly related to dehydration. A low sodium level could be seen in conditions like hyponatremia. A high white blood cell count is more indicative of infection or inflammation rather than dehydration.
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A client has bilateral eye patches following an injury. When the client's food tray arrives, which of the following interventions should the nurse take to promote independence in eating?
- A. Explain to the client that their tray is here and place their hands on it
- B. Ask the client if they would prefer a liquid diet
- C. Assign an assistive personnel to feed the client
- D. Describe to the client the location of the food on the tray
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Describing the location of food on the tray helps promote independence for the client with bilateral eye patches. By providing clear instructions on where the food is placed, the client can independently locate and consume their meal. Option A is incorrect as physically placing the client's hands on the tray does not encourage independence. Option B is unnecessary unless there are specific dietary restrictions indicated. Option C does not promote the client's independence and should be avoided unless absolutely necessary.
A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Inject at a 90-degree angle
- B. Inject at a 45-degree angle
- C. Massage the injection site after administering
- D. Use a longer needle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to inject enoxaparin subcutaneously at a 45-degree angle. This angle helps ensure proper delivery of the medication into the subcutaneous tissue. Option A (Inject at a 90-degree angle) is incorrect because subcutaneous injections are usually given at a shallower angle. Option C (Massage the injection site after administering) is incorrect as massaging the site can cause bruising and should generally be avoided. Option D (Use a longer needle) is incorrect as using a longer needle is unnecessary and may increase the risk of injecting the medication too deeply.
Which personality disorder is characterized by disregard for others and manipulative behaviors?
- A. Borderline Personality Disorder
- B. Antisocial Personality Disorder
- C. Histrionic Personality Disorder
- D. Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antisocial Personality Disorder is the correct answer. This disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others. Individuals with this disorder often display behaviors such as manipulation, exploitation, and a lack of empathy. Choice A, Borderline Personality Disorder, is characterized by unstable moods, behavior, and relationships. Choice C, Histrionic Personality Disorder, is characterized by attention-seeking behavior and excessive emotions. Choice D, Narcissistic Personality Disorder, is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others.
A healthcare provider is providing teaching for a patient with a prescription for oral metronidazole, what is the priority teaching point?
- A. Report headaches
- B. Report a rash
- C. Avoid sunlight
- D. Take with meals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to 'Report a rash.' Metronidazole can cause severe adverse reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a life-threatening rash. It is crucial to educate the patient to report any rash immediately to prevent serious complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while they may be relevant to consider during metronidazole therapy, they are not the priority teaching point. Headaches can occur but are not as serious as a rash; avoiding sunlight is more related to doxycycline, not metronidazole; and taking with meals is a general instruction for some medications but not the priority teaching point for metronidazole.
A home health nurse is teaching about chest physiotherapy (CPT) treatments to a client with COPD. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the teaching has been understood?
- A. My coughing will decrease during CPT treatments.
- B. CPT treatments will decrease my respiratory infections.
- C. I will perform postural drainage after eating meals.
- D. CPT treatments will help cure my COPD.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because chest physiotherapy (CPT) helps reduce respiratory infections by loosening mucus in the lungs. Choice A is incorrect because coughing may temporarily increase during CPT treatments as mucus is being cleared. Choice C is incorrect because postural drainage is typically performed before meals. Choice D is incorrect because while CPT can help manage symptoms and improve lung function in COPD, it does not cure the disease.